综合干预方法防治老年患者跌倒的效果评价

目的 评估综合干预方法对存在跌倒危险住院老年患者的防治效果。方法 356例住院老年患者按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组178例。全部患者予入院常规护理评估和预防跌倒健康教育,干预组同时予综合干预。分别于入院时和出院时用预防跌倒知识调查问卷评价其对预防跌倒知识的了解程度和预防跌倒的态度和行为等。结果 入院时,两组患者的预防跌倒知识等评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组患者出院时的预防跌倒知识等评分均高于入院时,对照组预防跌倒知识等评分明显低于干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外,住院期间均未见发生跌倒病例,出院后6个月内,对照组发生跌倒例数(15例)明显多于干预组(4例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 综合干预方法可提高住院老年患者预防跌倒知识的水平,降低老年患者在日常生活中的跌倒发生率,可供陪护及老年患者等借鉴。

Effect of comprehensive intervention methods on precaution of falling in elderly patients

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention methods on precaution of falling in elderly patients. Methods A total of 356 elderly patients recruited were randomly divided into two groups (the control and experimental groups), with 178 in each group. The control group adopted routine nursing, and comprehensive intervention methods were applied in the experimental group. All patients received the fall knowledge questionnaire at admission and discharge. Results At admission, the fall knowledge score did not show significant differences (P>0.05) between the experimental and control groups. At discharge, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the fall knowledge score in each group compared to that at admission; the falling knowledge score in control group was significantly lower than that in experimental group (P<0.05). 6 months after discharge following-up, 4 cases fell in the experimental group, while 15 cases fell in the control group. The incidence of falling in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive intervention methods can effectively reduce the incidence of falling in elderly patients, which can be used by nursing staff and the aged.