重庆市成年人代谢综合征的流行病学特征研究

摘要:目的　调查重庆市成年人（≥18岁）代谢综合征（Metabolic Syndrome，MetS）的流行病学特征及聚集特点，为全面了解MetS的分布情况及提出针对性健康管理意见提供依据。方法　提取2014年在重庆市第三人民医院健康管理（体检）中心进行健康体检并具有完整资料的26685名成年人，对其进行MetS相关组分的检测和分析。结果　MetS的总患病率为15.67%，男性高于女性（分别为20.74%和7.85%，P＜0.01）；患病率随年龄增长而逐渐增加，50岁以上女性患病率增长显著（P＜0.01）。受检者中有3种组分异常的比例高达11.50%，组合形式以“中心性肥胖+高血压+高TG血症” 的比例最高。因子分析显示中心性肥胖、高血糖、血脂异常（高总胆固醇和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）和高血压4个因子对MetS的累计方差贡献率为82.43%，其中高血压因子贡献最高，其次为血脂、血糖和中心性肥胖。结论　重庆市成年人MetS的患病率在全国范围内呈中等水平，患病人群以男性和50岁以上女性为主。MetS是以高血压为首要因子的多种组分综合作用结果，防治时应采取重点监控和综合干预相结合的方式。

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome in Chongqing City

Abstract: Objective This work was to investigate the epidemiological and clustering characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the adults in Chongqing City so as to learn the distribution of MetS and provide scientific evidence for health management. Methods A total of 26 685 adults were selected in Chongqing City for physical examination at the health management/checkup center of the Third People's Hospital of Chongqing. The indicators such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and serum lipid were measured and analyzed. Results The average prevalence of MetS was 15.67% (20.74% for males and 7.85% for females, P<0.01). The prevalence of MetS increased with age, especially in females who were above 50 years old (P<0.01). The prevalence of MetS with three abnormal indexes reached 11.50%, and the most commonly reported pattern was the combination of central obesity, hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia. Four risk factors, including obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia (elevated TG and decreased HDL) and hypertension, accounted for 82.43% of the total variance. The most important factor was hypertension which accounted for 27.96% of the total variance. Conclusion The MetS prevalence in Chongqing was at the middle level of China which was mainly in people above 50 years. MetS was the result of various factors and hypertension was the primary one. Therefore, comprehensive intervention should be taken against MetS among the high-risk population.