2005-2014年上海市浦东新区户籍老年人口死因分析

摘要:目的　分析2005-2014年浦东新区户籍老年人死亡情况，为老年人疾病预防保健工作提供依据。方法　应用死亡率、构成比和老年保健效益系数（GEI）等指标，对60岁及以上老年人口死因资料进行分析。结果　2005-2014年浦东新区60岁以上老年人口死亡167800人，占总死亡数的85.56%。标化死亡率为24.62‰，疾病别死亡率随年龄增加而上升。主要死因为慢性病，占88.51%。除内分泌营养代谢病和损伤中毒外，男性疾病别死亡率高于女性。女性GEI高于男性。损伤中毒和恶性肿瘤GEI最低，呼吸和循环系统疾病GEI较高。男性恶性肿瘤GEI呈下降趋势。结论　浦东新区老龄化严重，应针对不同性别特点，优先关注老年人恶性肿瘤等慢性病，加强意外跌倒自我防护和交通安全意识，提高人群健康意识和疾病防控的能力。

Analysis of the causes of death among the elderly population in Pudong New District in Shanghai City between 2005 and 2014

Abstract: Objective The study analyzed the causes of death among the elderly population in Pudong New District in Shanghai City between 2005 and 2014, and thus to provide a reference for disease prevention and health care for the elderly population. Methods Data on death causes among elderly over the age of 60 were analyzed according to mortality rate, constituent ratio, and geracomia effect index (GEI). Results A total of 167 800 deaths were reported among the elderly in Pudong New District between 2005 and 2014, accounting for 85.56% of the total death during the same period. The standardized mortality was 24.62‰ and the disease-specific mortality was shown to increase with age. The primary cause of death was chronic disease, accounting for 88.51% of the total cause. Except for endocrine, nutrition, and metabolism disorders, injuries and poisoning, the disease-specific mortality rates among male were higher than that among female. The GEI among female was higher than that among male. The GEIs for injury, poisoning and malignant cancer were the lowest, and those for respiratory and circulatory system diseases was relatively high. GEI for malignant tumor among male had been decreasing. Conclusion Population aging is a serious issue in the Pudong New District. Chronic diseases such as malignant cancer among the elderly should be emphasized according to gender-specific characteristics, and awareness on safety protection against fall accidents and road traffic safety should be strengthened, so as to improve the health awareness and disease prevention and control capabilities of the elderly population.