2010-2014年达州市流感监测结果分析

摘要:目的　了解2010-2014年度达州市流感流行状况，为流感防控工作提供依据。方法　对2010-2014年度达州市流感监测哨点医院流感样病例（Influenza Like Illness，ILI）监测资料及实验室病原学监测资料进行整理分析。结果　2010-2014年度，哨点医院共监测到门急诊病例583967例，其中ILI 2024例，ILI%为0.35%。各年度ILI%分别为0.03%、0.24%、0.53%和0.65%。各年度ILI流行最高峰分别为2010年第51周（0.32%）、2012年第13周（0.57%）、2012年第51周（1.29%）和2013年第15～16周（1.07%）。除2011-2012年度外，ILI主要集中在15岁～以下年龄组。4年采集的ILI标本分别为102份、263份、319份和481份，Real time RT-PCR检出阳性率分别为13.73%、17.49%、8.78%和6.65%。新甲H1、季H3和B型每年并存，不同年度优势株不同。2010-2011年度和2013-2014年度流感阳性检出率高峰季节为秋冬季，2011-2012年度和2012-2013年度为冬春季。结论　流感流行具有季节性，以15岁～以下年龄组为多发人群，4个监测年度中ILI%呈逐年上升趋势，流感优势毒株亚型间呈交替变化规律。

Analysis of influenza surveillance results in Dazhou city from 2010 to 2014

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of influenza viruses in Dazhou city from 2010 to 2014, in order to provide basis for prevention and control of influenza. Methods The influenza-like illness and etiology monitoring data from 2010 to 2014 were collected and analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2014，the total number of the outpatients was 583967, among which 2024 were ILI cases, accounting for 0.35%. The annual proportion of ILI cases was 0.03%, 0.24%, 0.53% and 0.65% respectively. The peak of ILI was the 51st week of 2010 (0.32%), 13th week of 2012 (0.57%), 51st week of 2012 (1.29%) and 15th to 16th week of 2013 (1.07%). Except for the year of 2011 and 2012, most of ILI cases were happened in people under 15 years old. 102, 263, 319 and 481 throat swab specimens were collected, and the positive rates were 13.73%, 17.49%, 8.78%, and 6.65%, respectively, from 2010 to 2014. Different strains predominated in different times, and the influenza A (H1) pdm09, seasonal influenza H3, type B coexist on each year. For 2010-2011 and 2013-2014, the peak season with positive detection rate was autumn-winter, while for 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 peak season was winter-spring. Conclusion Influenza prevails seasonally, the predominant strains changed regularly in different monitoring years. The ILI% showed an upward trend year by year, and people under 15 years old are the high-risk group for ILI.