Der Maldeszenzus testisStandards und Ausblick der Therapie des Hodenhochstands

Up to 2.7% of male neonates are affected by cryptocchidism. Well-established hormonal and surgical treatments are available. Medicinal therapy with hCG is successful in 14–50% of cases of palpable, incompletely descended testes. GnRH analogs are the treatment of choice and are successful in up to 70% of cases. Operative correction of the palpable testis has a success rate of over 90%. Orthotopic scrotal placement can be achieved in only around 70% of nonpalpable (intraabdominal) testes. Surgical correction of intraabdominal testes, whether by autotransplantation or the Fowler-Stephens technique, is associated with ischemia and reperfusion, which influence testicular function. Precise recording of the effects of ischemia and reperfusion on the testis could help in the selection of optimal therapy for individual patients with cryptocchidism.