留守儿童心理健康与父母同伴依恋的关系研究

目的 探讨留守儿童心理健康与父母依恋、同伴依恋之间的关系.方法 对327名重庆地区留守儿童施父母同伴依恋问卷(IPPA)和中国中学生心理健康量表(MSSMHS).结果 ①留守儿童心理健康总分及10个因子分均显著高于全国常模(P＜0.01).留守儿童的强迫、焦虑、抑郁和人际关系紧张与敏感因子性别差异显著(t=-2.020,-2.187,-2.151,-2.247;P＜0.05);②留守儿童的偏执和心理不平衡因子年级差异显著(F=3.051,4.160；P＜0.05)；③留守儿童心理健康总分与同伴依恋、父亲依恋和母亲依恋呈显著负相关(P＜0.05).心理健康各因子与父母同伴依恋各难度存在不同程度的相关(P＜0.05)；④留守儿童的父亲疏离、同伴信任、同伴疏离、母亲疏离和父亲信任共同预测心理健康水平,解释率为25.9％(P＜0.05).结论 通过调节父母、同伴依恋状况可改善留守儿童心理健康状况.

Relationship between Parent and Peer Attachment and Mental Health of the Left-behind Children

Objective To explore the relationship between parent and peer attachment and mental health of left-behind children.Methods Using the Middle-School Students＇ Mental Health Scale（MSSMHS）and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment（IPPA）to investigate 327 left-behind children from two middle schools in southwest regions.Results ①Left-behind children＇s physical health total score and the ten factors scores were significantly higher than the national norm.The scores of compel,anxiety,depression and crises relationship dimensions had significant differences in gender;②The scores of crankiness and psychological unbalance dimensions had significant differences in grade;③ Physical health correlated with peer attachment and parent attachment positively and significantly.The ten factors of MSSMHS were interrelated with the trust,communication and alienation dimensions of IPPA to some extent;④The left-behind children＇s physical health could be predicted 25.9% by father alienation,peer trust,peer alienation,mother alienation and father trust.Conclusion Parent and peer attachment should be taken into full consideration to improve the mental health of left-behind children.