北京地区成年非病人人群排便习惯的流行病学调查

目的 了解北京地区成年非病人人群的排便习惯及其影响因素。方法 以随机、分层、整群抽样方法在北京地区常住人口中对成年人进行2486份问卷调查,将资料进行筛选,分析其中1952例非病人人群的排便频率、大便性状、排便时间以及异常排便情况。结果 在1952例非病人人群中,每日排便1次者占84．17％,平均排便次数为7．09次／周,大使为成形软便和半成形便占89．86％,93．08％的非病人人群排便为每日3次至每周3次成形软便和半成形便;大部分人（77％）为早上和上午排便;便秘、腹泻和排便伴有腹痛的发生率分别为3．74％、1．08％、7．38％;排便频率和性状无性别和年龄差异。结论 北京地区成年非病人人群的排便频率与西方人接近,93．08％排便属正常。人们对异常排便的理解存在差异,有必要参照国际标准并根据国人的排便情况统一便秘和腹泻的判断标准。

An epidemiologic study of bowel habit in adult non-patient population in Beijing area

Objective To determine the bowel habit and its influencing factors in the adult non patient population in Beijing area. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 486 adult permanent residents in Beijing area by randomized stratified sampling. The bowel habit (defecation frequency, characters of feces, time of defecation, and abnormal defecation) of the 1 952 non patients among them were further investigated. The non patient subject should fulfil the following criteria: (1) without gastrointestinal and hepatic organic diseases; (2) without metabolic disease affecting the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, such as diabetes mellitus and thyroid hyperfunction; (3) without irritable bowel syndrome which fits in the Manning criteria; and (4) considering oneself as having normal bowel habits. Results 84.17% of the non patient interviewees defecated once per day with the mean defecation frequency of 7.09 times per week. 89.86% of the interviewees had formed or soft stool. 93.08% of the non patients defecated formed or soft stool 3 to 21 times per week. No evidence showed that the frequency of defecation and character of feces were related to age and sex. 77% of them defecated in the morning. The prevalence rates of constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain associated with defecation were 3.74%, 1.08%, and 7.38% respectively. Conclusion The defecation frequency of adult non patient population in Beijing area is almost identical to that reported in the west. 93.08% of the non patient subjects have normal defecation patterns. It is necessary to define the judgement criteria for constipation and diarrhea for Chinese based on their defecation patterns.