In vitro and in vivo performance of a novel surface treatment to enhance osseointegration of endosseous implants.

OBJECTIVE: This article shows the in vitro and in vivo characterization of a new biomimetic treatment developed to enhance the osseointegration of titanium dental implants. STUDY DESIGN: A novel biomimetic treatment of titanium was developed. Its physicochemical properties and biologic and in vivo performance were considered and studied. Mineralization capability was assessed by soaking test in simulated body fluid solution, and cytocompatibility was assessed using osteoblast-like MG63 cell culture. Histomorphometric analysis was performed at 3 time points using a sheep animal model. RESULTS: In vitro tests confirmed the biomimetic potential of the considered novel treatment. Histomorphometric analysis indicated its potential for rapid and good-quality osseointegration. CONCLUSION: The in vitro and in vivo test results indicated that the proposed novel treatment possesses a significant potential to increase the rate of osteointegration of titanium for endosseous dental implants.