长沙和深圳市儿童肥胖症患病率与危险因素研究

目的：研究长沙和深圳市儿童肥胖的发生率及其危险因素。方法：以在中国长沙和深圳两市6 288名6～9岁儿童肥胖调查中发现的209名肥胖儿童?±葱员稹⒛炅浜脱＝信浔妊≡?09名体质量正常的儿童作对照，进行病例对照研究，计算各危险因素的调整OR值和95%可信区间。结果：儿童超体质量和肥胖的发生率在长沙为9.28%和3.30%，在深圳为12.17%和4.22%。两地儿童的超体质量发生率差异有统计学意义，而肥胖发生率差异没有统计学意义。中国城市儿童肥胖患病率为3.95%。用多因素Logistic回归分析对潜在的混杂因素加以调整后，父亲肥胖（OR：1.78, 95% CI：1.01～3.16），母亲怀孕期体质量增加15 kg以上（OR：5.22, 95% CI：2.78～9.80），出生体质量4 kg以上（OR: 2.55, 95% CI：1.24～5.26），每周不健康快餐1次以上(OR：3.94, 95％ CI：1.11～13.99)，每天看电视2 h以上（OR：2.35,95％ CI：1.01～5.47）等因素与儿童肥胖有关。结论：父亲肥胖、妊娠期体质量增加、出生体质量和不健康生活方式是中国南方城市儿童肥胖的重要危险因素。

Prevalence and risk factors for childhood obesity in Changsha and Shenzhen in China

Objective To determine the prevalence and the risk factors for childhood obesity in Changsha and Shenzhen, China.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 209 obese children (the cases) identified in the investigation on childhood obesity in 6 288 children aged 6 to 9 years in Changsha and Shenzhen in China and 209 children with normal weight (the controls). The cases and controls were matched by gender, age, and school. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk factors were measured.Results The prevalence rate of overweight and obese children was 9.28% and 3.30% in Changsha, and 12.17% and 4.22% in Shenzhen, respectively. The rate of overweight children is significantly higher in Shenzhen than in Changsha. No statistical difference was observed in the rate of obesity between the children in both cities. Paternal obesity (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.16), maternal weight gain during pregnancy ≥15.0 kg (OR 5.22, 95% CI 2.78 to 9.80), birth weight ≥4.00 kg (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.24 to 5.26), unhealthy snacks ≥1 per week (OR 3.94, 95% CI 1.11 to 13.99), and watching television ≥2 hours per day(OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.01 to 5.47) were associated with childhood obesity when potential confounding factors were adjusted by multi-variable logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Paternal obesity, gestational weight gain, high birth weight, and unhealthy life-style are important risk factors for obesity in urban children in south China.