中筒弹力袜预防下肢深静脉血栓效果的Meta分析

目的：综合评价中筒弹力袜在预防下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）中应用价值。方法：检索多个中外文数据库上关于医用弹力袜预防下肢DVT的随机对照试验（RCT）。按照纳入排除标准筛选和提取文献，并采用RevMan 5.2软件进行统计学分析。结果：最终纳入12个随机对照试验，共6 049例患者。Meta分析结果显示，在高危长途飞行乘客中，中筒弹力袜组较无袜对照组发生下肢DVT的风险明显降低（OR=0.08，95% CI=0.03~0.22，P<0.00001）；在住院患者中，中筒弹力袜组与长筒弹力袜在预防下肢DVT方面差异无统计学意义（OR=1.47，95% CI=0.69~3.13，P=0.32）；将住院患者及高危长途飞行的乘客合并分析，中筒弹力袜组发生下肢DVT的风险较无袜及长筒弹力袜组明显降低（OR=0.32，95% CI=0.11~0.92，P=0.03）。结论：中筒弹力袜可减少高危长途飞行乘客与住院患者发生下肢DVT的风险，且效果优于长筒弹力袜，但仍需大样本、高质量的临床随机对照试验来验证。

Knee length compression stockings for prevention of deep venous thrombosis: a Meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the application value of knee length compression stockings in prophylaxis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT).Methods: The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning medical compression stockings for prophylaxis of lower extremity DVT were searched from several national and international databases. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.2 software after a literature screen for inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Twelve RCTs were finally included with a total of 6 049 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that the risk of lower extremity DVT occurrence was significantly reduced compared with the non-stockings control group among the long haul flight passengers (OR=0.08, 95% CI=0.03?0.22, P<0.00001); the difference in lower extremity DVT prevention had no statistical significance between knee length compression stockings group and thigh length compression stockings group among the hospitalized patients (OR=1.47, 95% CI=0.69?3.13, P=0.32); in the pooled analysis of hospitalized patients and long haul flight passengers, the risk of lower extremity DVT occurrence in knee length compression stockings group was significantly lower than that in non-knee length compression stockings group (OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.11?0.92, P=0.03).Conclusion: Knee length compression stockings can reduce the risk of lower extremity DVT in long haul flight passengers and hospitalized patients, and its efficacy is probably better than that of thigh length compression stockings. However, this requires confirmation by randomized controlled trials of large sample size and high quality.