The association between change in body mass index and upper aerodigestive tract cancers in the ARCAGE project: Multicenter case–control study |
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| Authors: | Sungshim Lani Park Yuan‐Chin Amy Lee Manuela Marron Antonio Agudo Wolfgang Ahrens Luigi Barzan Vladimir Bencko Simone Benhamou Christine Bouchardy Cristina Canova Xavier Castellsague David I. Conway Claire M. Healy Ivana Holcátová Kristina Kjaerheim Pagona Lagiou Raymond J. Lowry Tatiana V. Macfarlane Gary J. Macfarlane Bernard E. McCartan Patricia A. McKinney Franco Merletti Hermann Pohlabeln Lorenzo Richiardi Lorenzo Simonato Linda Sneddon Renato Talamini Dimitrios Trichopoulos Ariana Znaor Paul Brennan Mia Hashibe |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA;2. Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT;3. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;4. Institut Català d'Oncologia, RTICC/CIBERESP, IDIBELL Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;5. Epidemiological Methods and Etiologic Research, Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany;6. Department of Head and Neck, General Hospital of Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy;7. Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic;8. INSERM U794, INSERM, Paris, France;9. CNRS, FRE2939, Institut Gustave‐Roussy, Villejuif, France;10. Cancer Registry, Geneva, Switzerland;11. Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy;12. Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom;13. NHS, NSS, ISD, Edinburg, Scotland, United Kingdom;14. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, Trinity College School of Dental Science, Dublin, Ireland;15. Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway;16. Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece;17. University of Newcastle Dental School, Newcastle, United Kingdom;18. School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom;19. Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland;20. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom;21. Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CeRMS and University of Turin, Turin, Italy;22. Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy;23. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA;24. Croatian National Cancer Registry, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia |
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| Abstract: | Previous studies reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers. Examining change in BMI over time may clarify these previous observations. We used data from 2,048 cases and 2,173 hospital‐ and population‐based controls from ten European countries (alcohol‐related cancers and genetic susceptibility in Europe study) to investigate the relationship with BMI and adult change in BMI on UADT cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for associations between BMI at three time intervals and BMI change on UADT cancer development, adjusting for center, age, sex, education, fruit and vegetable intake, smoking and alcohol consumption. We found an inverse relationship between UADT cancers and BMI at time of interview and 2 years before interview. No association was found with BMI at 30 years of age. Regarding BMI change between age 30 and 2 years before interview, BMI decrease (BMI change vs. BMI stability (?5% ≤ BMI change <5%) showed no overall association with UADT cancers (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.49). An increase in BMI (BMI change ≥+5%) was inversely associated with UADT cancers (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.89). BMI gain remained inversely associated across all subsites except for esophageal cancer. When stratified by smoking or by drinking, association with BMI gain was detected only in drinkers and smokers. In conclusion, BMI gain is inversely associated with UADT cancers. These findings may be influenced by smoking and/or drinking behaviors and/or the development of preclinical UADT cancers and should be corroborated in studies of a prospective nature. |
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| Keywords: | BMI BMI change upper aerodigestive tract cancers |
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