Metabolic syndrome and risk of bladder cancer: prospective cohort study in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me‐Can) |
| |
| Authors: | Christel Häggström Tanja Stocks Kilian Rapp Tone Bjørge Björn Lindkvist Hans Concin Anders Engeland Jonas Manjer Hanno Ulmer Randi Selmer Steinar Tretli Göran Hallmans Håkan Jonsson Pär Stattin |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Surgical and Perioperative sciences, Urology and Andrology, Ume? University, Ume?, SwedenFax: +46‐90‐125396;2. Department of Surgical and Perioperative sciences, Urology and Andrology, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden;3. Institute of Health Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;4. Institute of Epidemiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany;5. Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;6. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo/Bergen, Norway;7. Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;8. Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria;9. Department of Surgery, Malm? University Hospital, Malm?, Sweden;10. Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria;11. Institute of Population‐based Cancer Research, The Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway;12. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden;13. Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Ume? University, Ume?, Sweden |
| |
| Abstract: | There are little data on the putative association between factors in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk of bladder cancer. In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer project (Me‐Can), measurements of height, weight, blood pressure and circulating levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides had been collected from 578,700 subjects in cohorts in Norway, Austria, and Sweden. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate relative risks (RRs) of bladder cancer by exposures divided into quintiles, in categories according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and as a continuous standardized variable (z‐score with mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1) for each separate component and its standardized sum, a composite MetS score. RRs were corrected for random error in measurements. During a mean follow‐up of 11.7 years (SD = 7.6), 1,587 men and 327 women were diagnosed with bladder cancer. Significant associations with risk were found among men per one unit increment of z‐score for blood pressure, RR = 1.13 (95% CI 1.03–1.25), and the composite MetS score, RR = 1.10 (95% CI 1.01–1.18). Among women, glucose was nonsignificantly associated with risk, RR = 1.41 (95% CI 0.97–2.06). No statistically significant interactions were found between the components in the MetS in relation to bladder cancer risk. Hypertension and a composite MetS score were significantly but modestly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer among men and elevated glucose was associated with a nonsignificant increase in risk among women. |
| |
| Keywords: | epidemiology bladder cancer metabolic syndrome cohort study |
|
|
