意外胆囊癌的诊治进展

胆囊癌是最常见的胆道恶性肿瘤,早期诊断困难,手术切除率低,预后差.随着腹腔镜技术的普及,腹腔镜胆囊切除术中出现意外胆囊癌的几率逐渐增大.高龄、结石病史长等胆囊癌高危因素与意外胆囊癌相关.术中操作、人工气腹等原因可导致肿瘤的种植转移.不同分期的胆囊癌应采用不同的手术方式,肿瘤的分期是最重要的预后因子.本文综述了其临床特征、预后及诊断和治疗的最新进展.

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of incidental cholangiocarcinoma

Carcinoma of gallbladder is the most frequently encountered malignancy of the biliary system. Early diagnosis is very difficult and the tumour resection rate is low,and the prognosis of carcinoma of gallbladder is very poor. With the increasingly widespread acceptance of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC),the number of cases of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC) has increased. However,management of UGC is a difficult issue in the absence of established guidelines. High age and history of stones are the risk factors for gallbladder carcinoma and they are related to UGC. Surgical handling and pneumoperitoneum play an important role in the metastasis. The surgical approach used for cholecystectomy would not seem to influence the outcome in patients with UGC. The tumour stage is the most important prognostic factor. To understand UGC better, we review its clinical characteristics,investigation,prognosis and especially the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.