木香茎叶提取物成分类别的初步检识及其对小鼠肠推进和胃排空的影响

目的 对木香茎叶提取物化学成分进行初步检识，研究其对小鼠肠推进和胃排空的影响。方法 制备木香茎叶水、乙醇、乙醚提取物，化学反应检识木香茎叶化学成分；以小鼠为研究对象，新斯的明和阿托品诱导小鼠胃肠亢进和抑制状态，ig给予0.5 g/kg木香茎叶水提物、醇提物，用改良的酚红法测定其对胃肠正常、亢进、抑制状态小鼠胃排空率和小肠推进率的影响。结果 木香茎叶醇提物、水提物均能够显著提高正常小鼠小肠酚红推进率（P<0.05、0.01），显著降低新斯的明所致胃肠亢进状态下的小鼠小肠酚红推进率（P<0.05），且醇提物的作用较强；两提取物使阿托品所致抑制状态下小鼠小肠推进率进一步降低，且差异显著（P<0.05），两提取物之间无明显差异；两种提取物对三种状态下的胃排空都发挥显著抑制作用（P<0.05、0.01）。化学成分检识表明，木香茎叶中含蛋白、糖、挥发油、黄酮、内酯、皂苷、生物碱和鞣质等多种成分，但何种成分与小肠推进和胃排空有关尚不确定。结论 木香茎叶提取物对正常小鼠的小肠推进功能具有一定的促进作用，对新斯的明所致小肠推进亢进有抑制作用，对阿托品所致小肠推进抑制有加剧作用，其对肠道的促进作用可能与M胆碱受体有关；对正常和亢进小鼠的胃排空有抑制作用，对阿托品所致胃排空抑制有加剧作用。

Preliminary study on constituents of extracts from stems and leaves of Aucklandia lappa and their effect of on gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion of mice

Objective To investigate the constituents of water and ethanol extracts from the stems and leaves of Aucklandia lappa and their effect on gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion of gastrointestinal normal, hyperthyroidism and inhibited mice. Methods The water, ethanol and aether petrolei extracts from stems and leaves of A. lappa were prepared, and the chemical constituents of the stems and leaves were identified by chemical reaction. The hyperthyroidism state was induced by neostigmine and inhibiting state was induced by atropine. Mice were ig administered with water and ethanol extracts (0.5 g/kg), with the improved phenol red method to determine gastric emptying and intestinal propulsion in gastrointestinal normal, hyperthyroidism and inhibited mice. Results Both water and ethanol extracts significantly improved intestinal propulsion in normal mice (P<0.05 and 0.01), while significantly decreased the intestinal propulsion in hyperthyroidism mice (P<0.05) and ethanol extract showed a stronger decreasing effect than that of water extract. The inhibitory effect of atropine on intestinal propulsion was intensified by these two extracts (P<0.05). The restrained gastric emptying of normal, hyperthyroidism and inhibited mice was also observed. Chemical composition analysis indicated that many kinds of chemical components including protein, sugar, essential oil, flavonoids, lactones, alkaloids, saponins and tannins existed in the leaves and stems of A. lappa. Conclusion The leaves and stems of A. lappa could promote the intestinal propulsion of normal mice and restrain the intestinal propulsion of hyperthyroidism and inhibited mice while inhibit the gastric emptying in any condition tested, and its promoting effect on the gut may be related to the M cholinergic receptor.