药物转运体和代谢酶在抗生素药动学中的作用

近年来，对体内药物转运体的研究取得了重大进展，越来越多的转运体被发现及研究，其对药物的跨膜转运，具有重要的意义。各种转运体包括摄取转运体和外排转运体对药物的体内过程以及药物相互作用均有着重要影响。研究表明大多数抗生素的体内过程都与转运体和代谢酶有关，因此，归纳总结了转运体和代谢酶在抗生素的药动学和药物相互作用中的最新研究进展，为临床合理用药提供参考。

Role of drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes in pharmacokinetics of antibiotics

In recent years, the research on drug transporters has made great progress, more and more transporters have been found and studied, and they have shown important roles in the transport of drug across the cellular membrane. Various transporters, including uptake transporters and efflux transporters, have important effects on the pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. Studies have shown that the process in vivo of most of the antibiotics was related to transporters and metabolizing enzymes (cytochrome P450 and CYP450). Therefore, this article summarized the latest research progress in pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of transporters and CYP450, so that provides evidence for clinical rational use of antibiotics.