氧化铝羟基磷灰石修复兔桡骨节断性缺损的组织学观察

背景：前期的实验已经证明，氧化铝羟基磷灰石可以修复兔股骨腔隙性缺损，该材料具有良好的生物相容性和骨传导性。 目的：观察氧化铝羟基磷灰石修复兔桡骨节段性缺损的效果。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验。氧化铝羟基磷灰石复合陶瓷人工骨实验材料于2006-05在瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学阿伦尼乌斯实验室烧结成形。动物实验于2006-06/2007-06在宁夏医科大学中医学院实验室完成。 材料：放电等离子烧结技术制备氧化铝羟基磷灰石人工骨。 方法：新西兰兔12只，制备15 mm长的桡骨节段性骨缺损模型。随机分为3组，人工骨植入实验组6只植入氧化铝羟基磷灰石人工骨材料。空白对照组3只骨缺损处旷置，不植入材料。自体骨植入对照组3只截骨后，将截下的自体骨用生理盐水冲洗后，再植入原截骨处。于术后24周截取实验段桡骨。 主要观察指标：①大体解剖观察。②界面成骨观察。③材料被膜观察。 结果：人工骨植入实验组材料两端及材料尺骨面骨痂向材料中部延伸生长，骨组织将人工骨材料完全包绕，材料与周围骨组织完全修复骨缺损区。空白对照组有少量骨痂修复缺损区，但骨缺损仍然存在。自体骨植入对照组缺损区完全修复。人工骨植入实验组24周不脱钙骨磨片直接显微镜观察：材料与周围新生骨组织界面镶嵌样紧密结合，骨组织长入材料表面融合为一体。再将不脱钙骨磨片苏木精-伊红染色可见骨细胞呈层样排列，形成板层状骨，哈佛氏系统骨。材料两端界面骨脱钙片苏木精-伊红染色，冠切面与纵切面均见骨细胞呈环形排列骨单位形成。材料段冠切面脱钙片可见骨原细胞排列于材料表面，骨髓腔形成。材料被膜观察可见较多胶原纤维和骨原细胞。 结论：采用放电等离子烧结技术制备的氧化铝羟基磷灰石人工骨可以修复兔桡骨节段性缺损，其修复过程完全呈现了界面成骨过程。

Histological observation in segmental bone resection defect repairing using Al2O3/HA ceramic

BACKGROUND: Previous experiments have proved that Al2O3/HA ceramic can repair rabbit lacunar femoral defect, which has good biocompatibility and bone conduction. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of using Al2O3/HA composite to repair the segmental bone resection defect in rabbit radius. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal experiments. Hydroxyapatite composite alumina ceramic artificial bone material was made in Arrhenius Laboratory of Stockholm University (Sweden) in May 2006. The animal experiment was performed in the Laboratory of Ningxia Medical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine between June 2006 and June 2007. MATERIALS: Al2O3/HA ceramic composite artificial bone were prepared by spark plasma sintering. METHODS: A total of 12 New Zealand rabbits were prepared for rabbit radius defect models. Then randomly divided into 3 groups: rabbits in the experimental group (n =6) were implanted with the prepared Al2O3/HA material; animals in the blank control group (n =3) were prepared segmental bone resection surgery without implant material; rabbits in the self-control group (n=3) were implanted with the autogenous bone block from segmental bone resection surgery after washing with normal saline. Radius was obtained 24 weeks after operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gross anatomy observation, osteogenesis at the interface, as well as cortex layer covered on the materials. RESULTS: In the experiment group, the callus at the two ends was elongation growth to the center of material, bone tissue encasemented the artificial bone, which had repaired the defect completely. Though there were small amounts of callus, the defect still existed in the blank control group. The defects in the self-control group were completely repaired. Bone sections were taken from the implanted rabbit after 24 weeks before decalcification and were evaluated by microscope. The non-decalcification ground section without haematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated that new bone was integrated with material closely and showed mosaic-like and in-depth material. The hematoxylin-eosin staining results demonstrated that bone cells aligned into layered structure, formatted lamellar bone and new haversian system could be found. The histological evaluation on the decalcified bone sections at the ends of material showed that bone cells aligned in circles surrounding the material surface and new marrow cavity formed. Cortex layer covered with collagen fiber and osteogenic cells. CONCLUSION: The Al2O3/HA ceramic prepared by spark plasma sintering can be used as artificial bone to repair large segmental defects in rabbit radius. The healing process is characterized by an interfacial bone growth mode.