专科护士的发展及工作现状

阐述专科护士概念的起源与发展,综述国内外专科护士工作现状、差距及影响我国专科护士工作状况的因素。国外的专科护士发展较为成熟,对专科护士的角色定位、职能、权利有明确的规定。我国专科护士的发展时间短,对专科护士的认识不统一、护理人力资源不足等因素,专科护士未得到很好地利用。因此,我国还需要建立对专科护士的统一管理制度,明确专科护士的角色和职能,提高专科护士的利用率,扩宽专科护士的适用范围。

Current working condition and Development of specialist nurse

This article reviews the concept of specialist nurses’origin and development,specialist nurses’cur-rent working conditions and disparity between China and other countries,and influence factors on the worksta-tus of specialist nurses.Specialist nurses’development abroad is more mature,they have a clearer definition on the role,functions,and rights on specialist nurses.While in China,there are some factors influence the develop-ment of specialist nurses:short period,disunity understanding,lack of nursing human resources and other fac-tors,which result in the not well utilized of specialist nurses.Therefore,China needs to establish a unified man-agement system for specialist nurses,clear roles and functions,improve the utilization,and widening the scope of specialist nurses.