体外细胞培养的加力装置及压力测量的研究

目的：在一定力学作用下,机体的器官、组织、细胞和生物大分子会发生相应的形态和功能改变,这对于维持正常生理功能具有重要作用。细胞力学是组织工程和细胞工程的基础之一,在离体培养过程中对细胞施加不同的机械力以研究应力对细胞的影响是细胞力学的一个重要研究领域,也是细胞力学的重要研究手段。本研究是为了模拟在体细胞的力学环境,实现在体外培养的条件下对细胞施加力的作用,设计了一种力加载装置和相应的压力检测模块。方法：力加载装置包括应力加载模块、细胞培养室、步进电机传动模块组成。计算机通过软件驱动步进电机控制活塞在培养室内直线往复运动,实现细胞培养室内压力大小、频率和持续时间的可控变化。应力检测模块可以实时监测培养室内压力大小的变化,并与预期参数对比后通过反馈系统调节各模块的运行,实现压力加载的精准控制。结果：系统压力加载的频率调控范围为0 Hz~1Hz,压力加载范围为-71 kPa~60 kPa。结论：该系统为研究压力对细胞的影响提供了一种简单、可行的方法,实验证明系统压力加载方式准确、可行,能对离体培养的细胞进行有效的压力加载。

Research on Force Loading Device and Stress Detection for Ex Vivo Cultured Cells

Objective：Under a certain mechanical function,corresponding morphological and functional changes in the body＇s organ,tissue,cell and biological macromolecule will be produced,which have an important role for the maintenance of normal physiological function.Cell mechanics is one of the foundations of tissue engineering and cell engineering.In the process of cultured cells in vitro,applied to cells with different mechanical forces to study the effect of stress on cell is an important research field,also an important research means of the cell mechanics.In order to simulate the mechanical environment of cells in vivo,and to achieve force loading on cells cultured in vitro,a force loading device and the corresponding stress detection module were designed.Methods：The force loading device included a stress loading module,a chamber for culturing cells,a stepper motor driving module.The stepper motor was driven by the software to control the linear reciprocating motion of the piston,to realize changing pressure,frequency,and duration of the cells inside the chamber.The stress detection module could real-time monitor the pressure changes inside the chamber,and compare with the expected parameters to adjust the operation of the module througha feedback system,to realize accurate control of the loading stress.Results：The frequency regulation range of the force loading device was changing from 0 Hz to 1Hz,and the loading pressure range was changing from-71 kPa to 60 kPa.Conclusions：The device provided a simple and feasible method for cultured cells in vitro.Experimental results showed thatthe force loading method was accurate and feasible,which was suitable forforce loading on cells cultured in vitro.