湖南省1996-2006年狂犬病流行病学分析及防制对策

目的分析湖南省1996-2006年2719例狂犬病病例情况,探讨湖南狂犬病急剧上升的原因,了解其流行规律,为科学防制提供依据。方法收集1996-2006年湖南省疫情资料及2004-2006年的狂犬病人的个案调查资料进行统计、分析。结果1996-2006年狂犬病发病率由1996年的0.03/10万上升到2006年的0.70/10万,发病率呈逐年上升趋势,疫情以湘南、湘中农村地区尤为严重;养犬数增加、犬免疫接种率低、疫苗质量及管理把关不严、伤后处理不及时、不规范,相关部门之间缺乏协作等是狂犬病发病率持续上升的主要原因。结论湖南省狂犬病疫情严重,应组织有关部门共同协作,采取综合防制措施,有效降低发病率。

Epidemiological Analysis of Rabies From 1996 to 2006 and its Preventive Measures in Hunan Province

Objective To summarize and analyze human rabies epidemic during the period of 1996-2006 in Hunan Province. To explore the possible factors causing the increase of the epidemics and to provide evidences for the preventive and control measures making. Methods The data of rabies epidemics from 1996 to 2006 in Hunan Province were collected and analyzed. Results The morbidity of rabies increased from 0.03 per 100,000 in 1996 to 0.70 per 100,000 in 2006. Most of the cases occurred in villages. The increasing numbers of degs, low dog inoculation rate, poor management on the quality of rabies vaccine, inappropriate treatment of the animal bite wounds, and lacking good .cooperation between different health department might be the major factors for the increasing rabies incidence and mortality. Conclusion The epidemic situation is rather severe in Hunan Province, therefore we must work out a series of intergrated prevention and control measures for futher reducing the incidence of human rabies in Hunan Province.