Compensatory brain activation in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder during a simplified Go/No-go task |
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Authors: | Jun Ma Du Lei Xingming Jin Xiaoxia Du Fan Jiang Fei Li Yiwen Zhang Xiaoming Shen |
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Institution: | (1) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678# Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200127, China;(2) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China; |
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Abstract: | Given that a number of recent studies have shown attenuated brain activation in prefrontal regions in children with ADHD,
it has been recognized as a disorder in executive function. However, fewer studies have focused exclusively on the compensatory
brain activation in ADHD. The present study objective was to investigate the compensatory brain activation patterns during
response inhibition (RI) processing in ADHD children. In this study, 15 ADHD children and 15 sex-, age-, and IQ-matched control
children were scanned with a 3-T MRI equipment while performing a simplified letter Go/No-go task. The results showed more
brain activation in the ADHD group compared with the control group, whereas the accuracy and reaction time of behavioral performance
were the same. Children with ADHD did not activate the normal RI brain circuits, which are thought to be predominantly located
in the right middle/inferior frontal gyrus (BA46/44), right inferior parietal regions (BA40), and pre-SMA(BA6), but instead,
activated brain regions, such as the left inferior frontal cortex, the right inferior temporal cortex, the right precentral
gyrus, the left postcentral gyrus, the inferior occipital cortex, the middle occipital cortex, the right calcarine, the right
hippocampus, the right midbrain, and the cerebellum. Our conclusion is that children with ADHD tend to compensatorily use
more posterior and diffusive brain regions to sustain normal RI function. |
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