2012年济南市碘缺乏病健康教育效果评价

目的探讨不同健康教育方式对碘缺乏病防治效果的影响，为完善健康教育工作方法提供科学依据。方法2012年9月采用分层随机抽样方法，随机抽取济南市4个县12个乡，在乡中心小学开展碘缺乏病危害健康教育活动；在每个乡随机抽取3个村，共抽取36个村，在全体居民中开展社区碘缺乏病危害健康教育活动。在开展健康教育项目前、后，在每所小学随机抽取5年级1个班的30名学生，同时随机抽取学校附近15名家庭主妇进行问卷调查。结果健康教育前后分别调查调查小学生360人，碘缺乏病防治知识总的知晓率，健康教育前为81．11％、健康教育后为97．22％（P〈0．01）；历城区提高最多，由60．00％提高到95．90％（P〈0．01），章丘市提高最少，由95．19％到97．41％（P〉0．05）。健康教育前后分别调查家庭主妇180人，碘缺乏病防治知识总的知晓率，健康教育前为85．00％，健康教育为96．00％（P〈0．01）；平阴县提高最多，由72．59％提高到92．59％（P〈0．01）。结论健康教育是提高碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率有效措施。

Evaluation on Effect of Health Education on Iodine Deficiency Disorders,Jinan City, 2012

Objective To discuss the effect of different ways of health education on prevention in Iodine Deficiency Disorders（IDD） ,so as to provide scientific basis for the improvement of health education mode. Methods Using strati- fied random sampling method to select 12 towns from 4 counties,and 3 villages in each town,developing health education activities about IDD in primary schools for all residents. Before and after executing this project,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 30 students random selected from only 1 class of the fifth grade in each primary school and 15 house- wives who lived around these schools. So if all goes well, we will receive 360 and 180 shares questionnaire separately. By means of assessing these questionnaires, we can see their awareness level and knowledge acquisition ways about IDD. Results Among 360 surveyed,the awareness rate of primary school students before health education was 81.11% ,and af- ter health education increased to 97.22 % （ P 〈0.01）, among them it increased the most in Licheng district, from 60.00 to 95.90% （ P 〈0.01） ;in Zhangqiu city it increased the least,from 95.19% to 97.41%（ P 〉0.05）. The awareness rate of 180 housewives before health education was 85.00%, and after health education it increased 96.11 % （ P 〈 0.01 ）, a mong them in Pingyin county it increased the most,from 72.59% to 92.59%（ P 〈0.01）. Conclusion The health edu- cation is an effective measure for promoting awareness rate.