天然马兜铃内酰胺的安全性和药理活性研究进展

马兜铃内酰胺是具有菲内酰胺结构母核的一类化合物,在自然界分布广泛,同时也被认为是马兜铃酸在体内经硝基还原反应产生的代谢产物。马兜铃酸类成分因马兜铃酸肾病备受关注,马兜铃内酰胺作为马兜铃酸成分的结构类似物,是否存在相关安全性风险也亟需梳理。笔者对马兜铃内酰胺成分的结构特征、自然分布、安全性和药理活性研究进展进行了系统的总结与分析,以期为含马兜铃内酰胺类成分中药的安全使用与合理开发提供科学参考。

Research Progress in Safety and Pharmacological Activity of Natural Aristolactams

Aristolactams are naturally occurring phenanthrene lactam alkaloids, which are also the main metabolite of aristolochic acid by nitro-reduction reaction in vivo. Aristolochic acids are known to be nephrotoxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. However, as a structural analogue of aristolochic acid, whether aristolactams have relevant safety risks needs to be combed. In this report, the distribution, type of structure, safety and pharmacological activities of aristolactams are discussed, hoping to provide a scientific basis for rational development and utilization as well as to foster further research of these important medicinal plant resources in the future.