鸦胆子化学成分及药理作用研究进展

鸦胆子是较常用的传统中药之一,基源植物为苦木科(Simaroubaceae)鸦胆子属(Brucea),共有6种,其中鸦胆子(Brucea javanica)为主要入药品种。鸦胆子的化学成分是其药理活性的重要基础,主要包括有苦木内酯类(nigakilactones)、生物碱类(alkaloids)、三萜类(triterpenes)、甾体类(steroids)、苯丙素类(phenylpropanoids)、黄酮类(flavonoids)等,目前已分离鉴定出约200种单一化学成分。现代药理研究表明,鸦胆子具有良好的抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗寄生虫等活性,临床上鸦胆子主要可用于赘疣、鸡眼的治疗,以及止痢治泻、杀虫截疟、清热解毒等,具有良好开发潜力。本文综述了近年来鸦胆子化学成分与药理作用研究进展,希望能够为其进一步的研究及其应用提供参考。

Research Progress in Chemical Components and Pharmacological Action of Brucea

Brucea, one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, belongs to Simaroubaceae, with a total of six species,of which Brucea javanica (B.javanica) is the main species used in medicine.The chemical components of Brucea are the important basis of its pharmacological activities. It mainly includes nigakilactones, alkaloids, triterpenes, steroids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and so on.About 200 single components have been isolated and identified. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that B.javanica has good anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-parasite activities. In clinic, B.javanica can be used in the treatment of warts and corns, as well as relieving dysentery and diarrhea, killing insects, intercepting malaria, clearing heat and detoxification and so on. In this paper, it was reviewed the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Brucea in recent years, hoping to provide references for its further research and application.