跌倒风险管理在预防社区老年人群跌倒中的应用

目的：探讨跌倒风险管理团队在提高社区老年人群防跌倒能力中的效果。方法：将60例社区老年人群随机分为管理组和对照组各30例。对照组老年人进行日常小区的娱乐健身活动，管理组除对照组的活动外，还接受跌倒风险管理：疾病筛查、药物指导、健康教育、功能训练、家居环境的改造。分别于初评时、干预第4周及第8周3个时期对受试者进行Tinetti步态和平衡测试、修订版跌倒效能量表（MFES）测试。结果：干预后第4周、第8周，管理组Tinetti步态和平衡测试均较干预前明显提高（P<0.01），但干预4周和8周时差异无统计学意义，干预后第4周、第8周，管理组MFES评分均不断提高（P<0.01），对照组干预前后2种评分差异均无统计学意义，干预后各时间点管理组以上2种评分均更高于对照组（P<0.01）。结论：及早发现有跌倒风险的社区老年人群，给予及时跌倒风险管理干预，能提高社区老年人群的防跌倒能力，缓解恐惧跌倒的心理，提高生活质量。

The application of the fall risk management for the community elderly in the aspects of fall prevention

Objective: To observe the efficacy of the fall risk management team for the community elderly in the aspects of fall prevention. Methods: According to the diagnostic criteria and inclusion criteria, 60 cases of the community elderly were randomly divided into management group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The aged all did community fitness and recreation activities in two groups, while elderly patients in management group were managed by the fall risk management team: disease screening, medicine instruction, health education, functional training, the home improvements. The community elderly were assessed by the Tinetti index and the MFES at the beginning, the fourth week and the second month. Result: Each assessment of elderly patients in management group was continuously improved (P<0.01). At fourth week or the second month, after intervention, each assessment was improved better in the management group than in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: To find out the risk of falling in the community elderly and to give timely risk management interventions for fall prevention can increase the fall prevention ability of the community elderly, alleviate the psychological fear of falls and enhance the quality of life.