锦州市社区老年人骨质疏松认知状况及影响因素的调查

目的 调查锦州市社区老年人骨质疏松相关知识的认知状况及影响因素，为老年人预防骨质疏松提供依据。 方法 以锦州市60周岁及以上的社区老年人为研究对象，采用自行设计问卷对锦州市225名老年人进行调查。 结果 老年人对骨质疏松知识认知情况尚可，其中对于诊断骨质疏松的常见方法（16%）和女性绝经后激素替代治疗可预防骨质疏松（14.2%）的认知较差。获取骨质疏松知识的最常见途径为电视收音机等媒体117人（52%）；所在社区从未有过骨质疏松知识宣传为196人（87.1%）；身边有从事医疗的家人朋友的老年人为76人（33.8%）；愿意采取预防骨质疏松措施为182人（80.9%）；老年人希望了解骨质疏松知识的途径有专业人士讲授、报刊杂志、电视广播、亲朋好友讲述，分别占25.8%、8.9%、32%、3.1%。不同年龄总人群和女性的骨质疏松认知情况随着年龄的增加呈下降趋势；60~年龄组女性对骨质疏松认知情况优于男性。影响老年人骨质疏松认知情况的因素为愿意采取预防措施、社区宣传、有从事医疗的家人朋友、晒太阳、年龄。 结论 加强骨质疏松的专业健康教育，积极在社区或是电视广播等媒体上开展有针对性、简单易懂的骨质疏松健康教育活动，使老年人知晓骨质疏松的危害和正确的预防方式，能够以正确的方法和积极的心态预防和面对骨质疏松。

The investigation of the recognition and influential factors of osteoporosis in the elderly of Jinzhou community

Objective To investigate the recognition and influential factors of osteoporosis in the elderly community in Jinzhou, and to provide evidence for the prevention of senile osteoporosis. Methods The study subjects were elder people who were older than 60 years in Jinzhou community. A self-designed questionnaire was conducted in 225 old people. Results The recognition of osteoporosis in the elderly was good. However, poor recognition existed in the common diagnose method of osteoporosis (16%) and in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis by hormone replacement therapy (14.2%). The most common ways to obtain osteoporosis knowledge included TV/radio and other media (n=117, 52%), no osteoporosis knowledge propaganda in the community (n=196, 87.1%), and knowledge from family and friends who worked in medical field (n=76, 33.8%). People willing to take preventive measures were 182 (80.9%). The way that elder people wanted to know about osteoporosis knowledge included professional lecture (25.8%), newspapers and magazines (8.9%), television and radio (32%), and relatives and friends (25.8%), respectively. The osteoporosis recognition in total population and women in different ages declined with the increase of age. The osteoporosis recognition in females over 60-year group was superior to that in males. Factors that affect the osteoporosis recognition in the elderly included willing to take preventive measures, community publicity, family/friends work in medical field, sunlight exposure, and age. Conclusion More professional health education should be promoted. Easy-accepting activities related to this topic should be performed through broadcasting or TV program. The hazards and the prevention way of osteoporosis should be learned by the elderly, so that they can face osteoporosis in a correct and positive attitude.