Traditionally used Thai medicinal plants: In vitro anti-inflammatory,anticancer and antioxidant activities |
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Authors: | Nisarat Siriwatanametanon Bernd L Fiebich Thomas Efferth Jose M Prieto Michael Heinrich |
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Institution: | 1. Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29–39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom;2. Neurochemistry Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg Medical School, Hauptstrasse 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany;3. VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, Ferdinand-Porsche-Str. 5, D-79211 Denzlingen, Germany;4. Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55099 Mainz, Germany |
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Abstract: | Aims of the studyIn order to assess traditional Thai claims about the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and to select plants for future phytochemical research, nine plant species with anti-inflammatory uses were selected from Thai textbooks and assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities.MethodsNuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) inhibitory effects in stably transfected HeLa cells were determined by luciferase assay, and effects on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α in primary monocytes were assessed by ELISA. Cytotoxic activities were examined against HeLa cells, human leukaemia CCRF-CEM cells and the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 subline using the MTT and XTT tests. However, a redox status has been linked with both inflammation and cancer, antioxidant effects were also assessed using the DPPH, lipid-peroxidation, and Folin-Ciocalteau methods.ResultsAmong all the nine species, Gynura pseudochina var. hispida and Oroxylum indicum showed the most promising NF-κB inhibitory effects with the lowest IC50 values (41.96 and 47.45 μg/ml, respectively). Muehlenbeckia platyclada did not inhibit the NF-κB activation but effectively inhibited the release of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α with IC50 values ranging between 0.28 and 8.67 μg/ml. Pouzolzia indica was the most cytotoxic against CCRF-CEM cells and the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells (9.75% and 10.48% viability, at 10 μg/ml, respectively). Rhinacanthus nasutus was the most potent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (IC50 3.63 μg/ml) and showed specific cytotoxicity against the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells (18.72% viability at 10 μg/ml, p < 0.0001 when compared to its cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells). Moreover, Oroxylum indicum showed a high level of antioxidant activity by inhibiting lipid-peroxidation (IC50 0.08 μg/ml).ConclusionsThis study provides in vitro evidence for the use of the Thai plants, most importantly Gynura pseudochina var. hispida, Oroxylum indicum and Muehlenbeckia platyclada as Thai anti-inflammatory remedies and these plants are now a priority for further phytochemical research. |
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Keywords: | AP Aerial parts DPPH 1 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl EtAc Ethyl acetate EtOH Ethanol EX Extract/extraction FL Flowers IL Interleukin LPS Lipopolysaccharide LV Leaves MeOH Methanol MTT 3-[4 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide N/A Data not available ND Not determined NF-κB Nuclear factor-KappaB PE Petroleum ether PGE2 Prostaglandin E2 PMA Phorbol myristate acetate RB Root bark RT Roots SB Stem bark ST Stem T Thailand XTT 2 3-Bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide |
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