Essential oils from Distichoselinum tenuifolium: Chemical composition,cytotoxicity, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties |
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Authors: | Ana Cristina Tavares,Maria José Gonç alves,Maria Teresa Cruz,Carlos Cavaleiro,Maria Celeste Lopes,Jorge Canhoto,Lí gia Ribeiro Salgueiro |
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Affiliation: | 1. Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Ap. 3046, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal;2. Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia/Centre of Pharmaceutical Studies, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;3. Faculdade de Farmácia e Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular de Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, 3000-295 Coimbra, Portugal |
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Abstract: | Ethnopharmacological relevanceSeveral aromatic plants and their essential oils are known to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Distichoselinum tenuifolium (Lag.) Garcia Martin & Silvestre, an Iberian endemism, is traditionally used in the treatment of contact dermatitis and skin infections. However, the cellular mechanisms through which this plant exerts their beneficial effects are not known.Aim of the studyThe aims of this study were to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil isolated from Distichoselinum tenuifolium, and to test the efficacy of the essential oil as an antifungal and anti-inflammatory potential.Materials and methodsThe oils were investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the antifungal activity (minimal inhibitory concentrations: MIC and minimal lethal concentrations: MLC) were evaluated against yeasts, dermatophyte and Aspergillus strains. Assessment of cell viability was made by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of Distichoselinum tenuifolium oil was evaluated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production induced by LPS, in the absence or in the presence of the oil, in a mouse macrophage cell line.ResultsThe oils are predominantly composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons, being myrcene the main compound (47.7–84.6%). The oils revealed significant antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophyte strains and significantly inhibited NO production stimulated by LPS in macrophages, without affecting cell viability at concentrations ranging from 0.64 μL/mL to 1.25 μL/mL.ConclusionThese findings add significant information to the pharmacological activity of Distichoselinum tenuifolium essential oils, specifically to its antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties, thus justifying and reinforcing the use of this plant on traditional medicine. Therefore, their beneficial effects and use in disease prevention, especially those related to fungal infections and inflammation, should be explored in more depth. |
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Keywords: | Distichoselinum tenuifolium Essential oil Myrcene Antifungal activity Cytotoxicity Anti-inflammatory activity |
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