农村居民生活方式及健康行为调查

目的了解农村居民饮食、锻炼等生活习惯,引导居民健康正确的生活行为方式。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,通过自行设计的生活方式及行为调查表对江苏省高邮市抽取的900个样本户中>15岁的2 456名农村居民进行问卷调查。结果男性吸烟率为54.6%,女性吸烟率为2.1%,男性饮酒率为44.6%,女性饮酒率为1.2%,男性吸烟率、饮酒率均高于女性(χ²=983.389、717.835,P<0.001);经常和有时吃过咸食物的居民分别占13.8%和48.6%,经常和有时吃油炸、熏烤、腌制食物的居民分别占12.4%和38.2%;32.5%的人从不体育锻炼,不同锻炼情况居民慢性病患病、自评健康状况比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ²=34.768、114.091,P<0.001)。结论江苏省高邮市农村男性居民吸烟比例及频度高;居民饮食习惯尚待改变,需要增强主动锻炼的意识,引导农村居民形成积极健康的生活方式。

Life style and health-related behaviors among rural residents

ObjectiveTo investigate diet behavior and physical exercise for the promotion of healthy life style among rural residents. MethodsMultistage stratified random sampling method was used to select 900 families in Gaoyou city of Jiangsu province.The family members over 15 years old were inquired with a self-made questionnaire about life style and diet behavior. ResultsThe smoking rates in the males and females were 54.6% and 2.1% and the alcohol drinking rates in the males and females were 44.6% and 1.2%,respectively.The smoking rate and drinking rate in the males were significantly higher than those in the females(χ²=983.389,χ²=717.835,P<0.001 for all).The percentage of people having heavy salt diet frequently or sometimes was 62.4%;the percentage of people eating fried,baked and pickled food frequently or sometimes was 50.6% and 32.5% of the residents had no physical exercise.There were significant differences in the prevalence of chronic illness and self-rated health among the residents with different level of physical exercise(χ²=34.768,χ²=114.091,P<0.001). ConclusionMale residents in rural areas of Gaoyou city of Jiangsu province have a higher smoking rate and smoking more frequently than female residents.Rural residents should change their eating habits,enhance their awareness of physical exercise,and promote healthy lifestyle.