不同部位三七粉显微特征及质量标准

目的:建立三七主根、剪口、筋条不同部位加工成的三七粉质量标准。方法:采用感官、色度测定、显微、理化、含量测定检验方法。结果:不同药用部位加工成的三七粉在外观颜色、显微特征、灰分、含量测定几个方面有明显区别,感官和显微特征不能区分三七的商品规格。颜色可以区分三七主根、剪口和筋条制成的三七粉,主根加工成的三七粉颜色最浅,呈黄白色,剪口与筋条加工成的三七粉颜色略深,呈现棕黄色和浅棕色,使用色差仪并结果经过SPSS分析结果与观察一致,剪口的颜色最深,筋条次之,主根颜色最浅;显微特征能够区分剪口和主根、筋条加工成的三七粉,剪口加工成的三七粉中可见纤维,主根与筋条加工成的三七粉中均未检出有纤维,剪口可见簇晶,主根中簇晶未检出;主根灰分全部合格,剪口和筋条有部分不合格,酸不溶性灰分全部合格。测定三七不同部位人参皂苷Rg1,人参皂苷Rb1及三七皂苷R1的含量,主根和筋条与剪口成分有明显差异。结论:颜色差异、显微特征区别、灰分数据、人参皂苷Rg1,人参皂苷Rb1及三七皂苷R1的含量为三七粉提供质量依据。

Microscopic Characters and Quality Standards of Panax notoginseng Powder from Different Medicinal Parts

Objective: To provide quality basis for the Panax notoginseng powder processed from different parts. Method: Sensory, colorimetric method, microscopic, physical and chemical, and content determination methods were used in this study. Result: The P. notoginseng powder processed from different medicinal parts showed significant difference in appearance color, microscopic characteristics, ash content and content determination, sensory and microscopic characteristics can''t be used to distinguish the P. notoginseng commodity specifications. Color can be used to distinguish the powder made of main root, notch and tendons, as the powder made of the main root showed the most shallow color, which was yellow and white, while the powder made of notch and tendons showed slightly deeper color, which was brownish yellow and light brown. The results were consistent with colorimeter observations based on SPSS analysis, which showed that cut the color was deepest in notch, followed by tendons, and the main root had the most shallow color. Microscopic features can be used to distinguish the powder made of notch and the main root, the tendons. The powder made of notch showed fibers, which were not detected in the main root and the tendons; clustered crystal was not detected in main root, but appeared in the notch; the ash content was all qualified in main root, but some were not qualified in notch and tendons; acid insoluble ash content was all qualified. The contents of ginsenoside Rg₁, ginsenoside Rb₁ and notoginsenoside R₁ in different parts of P. notoginseng were significantly different. Conclusion: The color difference, microscopic characters, ash content, and ginsenoside Rg₁, ginsenoside Rb₁ and notoginsenoside R₁ contents can provide quality basis for Panax notoginseng powder.