(滚)法运动生物力学模型构建与关节角度变化研究

目的揭示法上肢各关节运动力学规律和运动特性,建立更加系统、完善的推拿手法评价体系。方法对10名专业组及10名学生组受试者的法操作进行分析,建立法3环节(上臂、前臂、手)-3关节(肩关节、肘关节、腕关节)多刚体运动生物力学模型;采集受试者法操作过程的实时数据,应用Workstation软件对所得数据进行处理分析。结果建立法3环节-3关节多刚体生物力学模型,标记点设置明确,可以描述法运动学特性。在法外摆阶段,专业组伸肘角度为(38.304±1.776)°,学生组伸肘角度为(18.199±1.675)°,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);专业组前臂旋转角度为(58.706±1.675)°,学生组前臂旋转角度为(42.556±2.812)°,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);专业组屈腕角度为(79.516±1.654)°,学生组屈腕角度变化为(78.451±2.110)°,两者之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 3环节-3关节的多刚体生物力学模型可模拟法研究各关节空间运动关系,明确运动位移,确定空间角度,适宜用于推拿手法研究。

Construction of sports biomechanical models and study on joint angle changes in rolling manipulation

Objective To explore kinetic and motion characteristics of the upper extremity joints and establish a more systematic and comprehensive evaluation system of tuina. Methods Two groups of participants (n=10 in the expert group; n =10 in the student group) were recruited to record and analyze their rolling manipulation on 3 link joints (upper arm, forearm, hand) and 3 joints (shoulder joint,elbow joint,wrist joint). A multi-rigid-body sports biomechanical model was established by using motion capture system. Real-time data throughout the process was collected; Work-station software was used to analyze the data. Results The established multi-rigid-body sport biomechanical model of 3 link joints and 3 joints with definite marker point could be used to describe rolling motion characteristics. In the extension phase of rolling manipulation, elbow extension degree and forearm rotation angle was 38.304 ± 1.776°and 58.706 ± 1.675°in the expert group;18.199 ± 1.675°and 42.556 ± 2.812°in the student group, respectively. The differences were both significantly different (P <0.05). The wrist flexion degree in the experts group was 79.516 ± 1.654°, and 78.451 ± 2.110° in the student group,which was not significantly different (P >0.05). Conclusion The established 3-link 3- joint multi-rigid-body sport biomechanical model of rolling manipulation can simulate the spatial motion relation of each joint in the study of tuina manipulation,clarify the movement displacement and determine the space angle,which is suitable for the study of tuina techniques.