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Genotoxic evaluation of antiepileptic drugs by Drosophila somatic mutation and recombination test
Authors:Muammer Yü  ksel,Rabia Sarıkaya,Neslihan Bostanci
Affiliation:1. 100, Y?l Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, 33, Cadde, Yüzüncüy?l, 06530 Ankara, Turkey;2. Gazi University, Department of Primary Education, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey;3. Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
Abstract:The study examines the potential genotoxicity of three antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin sodium, pregabalin, gabapentin) using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Trans-heterozygous (two genetic markers mwh and flr) third-instar larvae of D. melanogaster were treated with different concentrations of the test compounds. A positive correlation was observed between total mutations and the number of wings with morphologically detectable mutations. The observed mutations were classified according to size and type of mutation per wing. Phenytoin clearly increased the frequency of total spots at all concentrations above 1.25 μg/ml. Gabapentin also increased the frequency of total spots at concentrations of 40 and 80 μg/ml. This study shows that phenytoin and gabapentin have genotoxic effects according to the SMART test; however, pregabalin displays lower genotoxicity in the SMAR assay when compared with the other two antiepileptics. The results also show that all AED concentrations lower the survival rate of the flies.
Keywords:AED, antiepileptic drug   flr3, flare-3 (Drosophila strain)   m, multiplication factor   mwh, multiple wing hairs (Drosophila strain)   c, frequency of clone formation per 105 cells   SMART, Somatic mutation and recombination test   EMS, ethyl methane sulfonate
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