针孔镜在验光中的应用研究

目的 研究主觉验光法中应用针孔镜后视力的改变及其原因。方法 随机选取正视眼及各种类型屈光不正的人群583例1 111眼．先行常规视力及屈光检查．然后分别对其进行针孔镜测试。结果 正视跟77例154眼．加针孔镜后视力下降者88眼（57．14％）．视力不变者66眼（42．86%）．无视力提高者；近视眼251例191眼．加针孔镜后视力提高者483眼（98．37％）．视力不变者仅8眼（1．63％）．无视力下降者；远视眼72例141眼．加针孔镜后视力提高者65眼（46．10％）．视力不变者42眼（29．79％）．视力下降者34眼（21．11％）；各类散光眼共183例325眼加针孔镜后视力均有不同程度的提高。结论 针孔镜在主觉屈光检查时可以使屈光不正眼的视力提高．能快速鉴别视力低下是由屈光不正或是由其它眼病引起的。但不能准确预测屈光不正度数及验光后的视力。

Applied Research of Pinhole in Refraction

Objective To investigate the change of the vision after use of a pinhole in the subjective optometry and the analysis of reasons.Methods In 583 cases(1 111 eyes) randomly collected,the routine check of the vision and refraction were done,followed by examination by the pinhole. Moreover,the change of the vision was recorded in detail.Results After a pinhole test,88 eyes had the hypopsia(57.14 %) and 66 unchanged vision(42.86 %) respectively among 77 cases,154 eyes of emmetropia; Among 251 cases,491 eyes of myopia,483 eyes had the improved vision(98.37 %) and 8 unchanged vision((1.63 %)) respectively;Among 72 cases,141 eyes of hyperopia,65 eyes had the improved vision(46.10 %),42 eyes(29.79 %) unchanged vision and 34 eyes(24.11 %) hypopsia separately;Among 183 cases, 325 eyes of all kinds of astigmatism had the improved vision to varying degrees.Conclusion The pinhole can improve the vision of ametropia and quickly distinguish the visually impaired reason of ametropia or other eye diseases,but not exactly predict the diopters of ametropia and the post-refraction vision.