银杏内酯对脑淋巴阻滞后蛛网膜下腔出血大鼠脑水肿和神经元超微结构的影响

目的 探讨脑淋巴引流阻滞对大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血（subarachnoid hemorrhage，SAH）后脑水肿、海马神经元超微结构的影响及银杏内酯（Ginkgolide，Gl）对其的保护作用。方法 成年雄性Wistar大鼠90只，采用枕大池内新鲜自体动脉血二次注入法建立大鼠SAH模型，用颈淋巴管结扎和颈淋巴结摘除法制作大鼠脑淋巴引流阻滞（cerebral lymphatic blockade，CLB）模型。将动物随机分为：正常对照组；SAH组；CLB＋SAH组；CLB＋SAH＋生理盐水（NS）组；CLB＋SAH＋20mg/kg银杏内酯（Ginkgolides，Gl20）组；CLB＋SAH＋80mg/kg银杏内酯（Gl80）组。在建立SAH模型24h和72h后测定脑组织含水率；72h后用透射电镜观察神经元超微结构。结果 SAH组脑组织含水率较正常组增加；CLB＋SAH组脑组织含水率增加最为明显；与CLB＋SAH组比较，脑组织含水率在CLB＋SAH＋Gl20、CLB＋SAH＋Gl80两组均明显降低，其中CLB＋SAH＋Gl80组脑组织含水率降低明显。除对照组以外，神经元超微结构均有不同程度的损伤，CLB＋SAH组损伤较严重。结论 脑淋巴引流途径对大鼠SAH后脑组织水肿及海马神经元超微结构有重要影响；银杏内酯可降低脑淋巴阻滞后SAH大鼠的脑组织含水率，对海马神经元具有保护作用。

Effect of Ginkgolides Against Brain Edema and Neuron Ultrastructural Injury on SAH Rats with Cerebral Lymphatic Blockade

【Abstract】Objective To determine the effect of cerebral lymphatic drainage pathway on brain water content and neuronic ultrastructure secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), and to observe the protective role of Ginkgolides.Methods 90 mature male Wister rats were randomly divided into six groups: negatived control group, SAH group, Cerebral lymphatic blockade(CLB)+SAH group, CLB+SAH+ Normal Sodium(NS) group, CLB+SAH+20mg/kg Ginkgolides group(Gl20) and CLB+SAH+80mg/kg Ginkgo ides group(Gl80). Cistern magna injection twice of freshly autologous arterial blood was used to induce SAH in rats, and CLB model in rats was established by occlusion of cervical lymphatic tubes and removal of cervical lymphatic nodes. 24h and 72h after induction of SAH,brain water content was detected. Electron microscope was used to observe neuronal ultrastructures 72h after SAH model inducted.Results SAH increased brain water content. Increasing of brain water content were more severe in CLB+SAH group than that in others group. Compared with SAH+CLB group, brain water content in CLB+SAH+Gl groups were decreased, brain water content were a remarkable decreased in SAH+CLB+Gl80 groups. The neuronal ultrastructures of the rats showed different extent of destruction except for the ras of negatived control group. The destruction of neuronal ultrastructures were more severe in CLB+SAH group.Conclusion Brain lymphatic drainage pathway might play important role in brain edema and neuronal ultrastructure injury after SAH. Ginkgolides may relieve brain edema and injury of neuronal ultrastructure after SAH rats with CLB.