中国南丁格尔奖获得者的社会学特征分析

目的通过分析和研究我国南丁格尔奖章获得者的社会学特征，弘扬南丁格尔精神，为我国护理事业发展提供精神导向。方法 平面媒体与电子媒体相结合收集有关南丁格尔奖章获得者的性别、学历、护龄、获奖年龄、所在省份、所在单位和突出成绩等资料并对其甄别、梳理和统计。结果（1）从第29届（1983年）我国参加南丁格尔奖章评选工作，至今（第41届，2007年）有48名护理工作者获得南丁格尔奖章。（2）获奖者中，藏族2名，满族1名，汉族45名；女性47名，男性1名；获奖时年龄（59．13±11．62）岁，护龄（38．88±11．25）年。（3）获奖者中，原始学历本科者2名，中专者46名。（4）46名获奖者担任或曾担任过护理行政职务。（5）获奖者所在地区分布于我国24个省。结论（1）危难时刻是考验护理人员弘扬南丁格尔精神的试金石；（2）南丁格尔奖章将向年轻、普通临床一线护士倾斜；（3）未来将会有更多高学历者获奖；（4）我国南丁格尔奖章比较关注欠发达地区。

Sociological Characteristics of Nightingale Medal Winners in China

Objective To propagate Nightingale spirits in China by way of analyzing the sociological cherateristics of Nightingal Medal winners in China. Methods The data of Nightingale Medal winners in China were collected and analyzed in terms of sex, education background, years for working as nurses, age for winning the medal, province where they work, organization they work for, and achievements, by way of plane media and electronic media. Results （1） 48 nurses from China workers won Nightingale Medal from 1983, the year China had candidates for the medal, to 2007. （2） In nation, 45 were from Han, 2 from Tibetan nation and one from Man. Their average age was （59.13±11.62） years and average age for working as nurses was （38.88±11.25） years. （3）In education, 2 of them had educational background of undergraduate training and 46 had a background of two-year nursing training courses. （4） All of them have been or were in the post of nursing administration. （5） The winners are from 24 provinces. Conclusion （1） The critical time tests if a nurse has or propagates Nightingale spirits. （2） Nightingale Medal should be awarded to young nurses or those working at the basic level. （3） In the future, more nurses with higher education background will win the medal. （4） Nightingale Medal were awarded to those working in the poverty-stricken regions.