中国成人智力发展特征分析

目的分析中国成人智力发展的特征。方法以中国成人智力量表常模样本（16～64岁）为基础，对智商（IQ）、两个能力量表分（操作量表和言语量表）和四个智力因素量表分（语言一理解因素量表、数学一逻辑因素量表、知觉一组织因素量表、注意一分辨因素量表）进行单因素方差分析和相关及回归分析。结果IQ均值在21～25岁组最高，61～64岁组最低，组间差异具有统计学意义（F=22．85，P〈0．01）；两个能力量表分和四个智力因素量表分变化与IQ基本相似；各智力统计值在各年龄组间的差异并不完全一样；IQ和年龄、教育程度呈显性相关。结论成人智力及其组成因素随年龄增长呈现逐渐下降趋势，各年龄段变化存在差异，教育程度对智力发展有影响作用。

Analysis of the character of Chinese adult intellectual development

Objective:To analyze the character of intellectual development of Chinese adults at age of 16-64.Methods:The data of intelligence quotient(IQ),two ability scales(verbal and practical)and four intellectual factor scales(language-comprehension factor,mathematic-logic factor,perception-organization factor,attention-distinguishing factor)from the norm of Chinese intelligence scale for adult(CISA)were analyzed using one-way ANOVA,correlation and regression analysis.Results:The highest IQ was in the group of age 21-25,the lowest was in the group of age 61-64,there were significant differences between all groups(F=22.85,P<0.01);Changes of the scores of two ability scales and four intellectual factors were similar to that of IQ but the differences between groups of all intellectual statistics were not the same.The correlations between IQ and age,IQ and year of education were significant.Conclusion:The trends of intelligence and its composite factors were decline along with age increasing in the sample of adult but the change is unequal across the age span.Year of education had an impact on IQ change.