中药玉竹的本草考证

目的:研究本草中记载的中药玉竹的基源植物,并对中药玉竹进行全面的本草考证,为研究中药玉竹提供文献依据。方法:查阅历代本草书籍,从形态、功效以及炮制方法鉴别女萎和葳蕤,又对中药玉竹进行本草考证,分别进行了名字来源的考证,植物形态的考证以及对其功效进行了论证,并对现代玉竹的食用价值进行研究。结果:考证出玉竹在历代本草品种来源:本草中记载的葳蕤为现代百合科植物玉竹Polygonatum odoratum,本草中记载的女萎为今毛茛科植物女萎Clematis apiifolia。玉竹的本草考证包括名字来源的考证,玉竹又名荧,地节,马薰,称为玉竹以表示根状茎形状。茎似小竹竿,叶光莹如竹叶,地下根状茎长而多节,故有玉竹和地节之称。形态考证:根状茎圆柱形,互生叶,叶椭圆形,先端尖。玉竹功效为滋阴润肺,养胃生津。玉竹现代不只作为药品应用,还广泛应用在保健品以及食疗中。结论:玉竹作为传统的药食两用的中药材,适应广,用量大,疗效好。加强对玉竹的应用研究,生产方面的管理,形成一个完整的管理体系,将玉竹作为一个产业来开发,把玉竹的产业做大、做强,让玉竹走向现代化,走向世界的发展方向。表明玉竹具有开发利用的前景。

Textual Research of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma

Objective: To study the original plant of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, and conduct a comprehensive herbal textual research on TCM Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, in order to provide the basis for the study of TCM Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Method: Ancient herbal books discriminating Nvwei and Weirui based on morphology, efficacy and processing methods were consulted to conduct an herbal textual research for origin of name, plant form and efficacy the edible value of the modern Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma. Result: The textual research showed the origin of Polygonatum odoratum in previous herbal species: Weirui was recorded as a modern rutaceous plant (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), and Nvwei was recorded as a Ranunculaceae plants (Clematis apiifolia). Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma''s herbal textual research involved origin of its name, which indicated that Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is also known as Ying, Dijie, Maxun, and named after its rhizome shape. Because its stems look like a small bamboo pole, leaves are as smooth as bamboo leaves, and underground rhizomes are long and knotty, it is known as jade bamboo (Yuzhu) and land knot (Dijie). According to the morphological research, the rhizome is cylindrical, with alternate elliptic leaves with a tip end. With effects in nourishing Yin and moisturizing lung, and nourishing stomach to improve production of body fluid, Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma is not only applied as a drug application, but also widely used in health care products and diet. Conclusion: Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, as a traditional Chinese medicinal and food, is widely adapted, with a large consumption and good effect. Efforts shall be made to strengthen the application, research and production management of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, form a complete management system, develop Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma as an industry, and strengthen the industry, so as to develop the modernization of Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma and promote it worldwide. This indicates that Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma has the prospect of development and utilization.