四川省基层医院护士继续教育现状与对策研究

目的:了解四川省基层医院护士继续教育现状、需求及存在的问题,提出对策,为完善基层医院护士在职培训体系提供理论依据。方法:以四川省32所乡镇卫生院和15所县级医院460名护理人员为调查对象,每所乡镇卫生院随机选取5人参与调查,每所县级医院在内科、外科、妇科、儿科中各随机抽取5人参与调查。调查内容包括年龄、学历、收入等一般资料和在职培训、学历教育现状和需求等。资料采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果:四川省基层医院护士年龄偏小,学历偏低,聘用人员占很大比例;县级医院护士入职后参加过在职学习培训的百分比大于乡镇卫生院,分别是74.9%和61.8%,二者之间差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=8.423,P=0.004);乡镇卫生院护士参加过多次培训的百分比低于县级医院,二者之间差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=11.295,P=0.01);培训内容需求方面,乡镇卫生院护士想获得基本专业理论知识和技能的百分比高于县级医院,分别为40.8%和27.5%,想获取专业新理论、新技能的百分比低于县级医院,分别是52.2%和69.1%,差异均有统计学意义。影响基层医院护士培训的首要因素是工作太忙。对于学历教育基层医院护士都持积极态度。结论:基层医院护士在职培训中存在的问题较多,时间、经费不足,重视度不够,建议基层医院管理者重视护理人员继续教育,完善护士在职培训和继续教育制度,不断提高护理人员业务和综合素质,为患者提供满意的护理服务,促进卫生事业健康发展。

Current situation and strategies of nursing continuing education in prima-ry hospitals in Sichuan province

Objective:To explore the current situation,needs and existing problems of nursing continuing education,and to pro-vide the theoretical bases for improving the nursing continuing education system in primary hospitals.Methods:Four hundred and sixty nurses from 32 township hospitals and 15 county hospitals were surveyed by using a random sampling method.Five nurses were random-ly selected in each township hospital,and 5 nurses were randomly selected in the departments including internal medicine,surgery,gy-necology and pediatrics in each county hospital.The data such as age,education,income or training were collected by questionnaires. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS software (SPSS version 13.0,Chicago,USA).Results:The nurses have relatively young age and low education in the primary hospitals in Sichuan.Most of the nurses are off-staff.The nurses from county hospitals had significantly higher percentage of in-service training than the nurses from township hospitals (74.9% vs.61.8%).The nurses from township hospitals had significantly lower percentage of multi-training than the nurses from county hospitals (χ2 =11.295,P=0.01). Regarding the training courses,the nurses from township hospitals had a significantly higher expectation of capturing basic knowledge and basic skills (40.8% vs.27.5%)and a significantly lower expectation of capturing new knowledge and advanced skills (52.2%vs.69.1%)than the nurses from county hospitals.The primary factor affecting the training of nurses is lack of time.All nurses from county hospitals or township hospitals held a positive attitude to continuing education.Conclusion:A number of problems are present in the nursing continuing education in primary hospitals,such as lack of time and funds,insufficient attention.To improve the medical serv-ices for patients and the development of health system,leaders are advised to give more attention to the nursing continuing education, improve the regulations and services for nursing in-service training and continuing education,and gradually promote the work skills and comprehensive abilities of nurses.