建立一种兔耳增生性瘢痕的动物模型

目的　建立由动物自身产生的与人增生性瘢痕类似的增生性动物模型。方法　选用2 4只新西兰大耳白兔 ,分别在兔耳腹侧、背侧面作直径 1.5cm的全层皮肤缺损各 14 4个、72个 ,对创面愈合后形成的增生块进行组织病理学、层黏连蛋白 (LN)mRNA及整合素 β1mRNA检测等检查。结果　兔耳腹侧创面可产生类似人增生性瘢痕样的过度增生 ,其发生率为 71% ,以兔耳腹侧面中部为著 ,增生块最长持续时间超过伤口愈合后 15 0d ,而兔耳背侧面的创面增生块发生率不到3 0 % ,且增生块持续时间短 ,为 76d。切片镜下显示 ,增生块的真皮层存在大量成纤维细胞 ,与人增生性瘢痕结构类似。结论　兔耳腹侧面尤其腹侧面的中部可产生类似人增生性瘢痕样病理改变 ,可望成为研究瘢痕的动物模型。

Establishment of an animal model for hypertrophic scar

Objective To establish a real animal model for hypertrophic scar similar to human hypertrophic scar.Methods 216 full-thickness round wounds (1.5 cm in diameter on ventral and dorsal side of rabbit's ears) on rabbit's ears of 24 rabbits were created.Histological experiment,pathological experiment,Laminin mRNA and Integrin mRNA were tested.Results 71 percent of the wounds on the ventral side skin of rabbit's ears could form excessive dermal scarring similar to human hypertrophic scar.The excessive dermal scarring of the ventral middle wounds of rabbit's ears was more than the remote wounds.The hypertrophic scar could last 150 days at the most.But less 30 percent of the excess scarring could form on the dorsal side of rabbit's ears,and they only lasted 76 days.The pathological examination showed that there were large amount of hypertrophic fibroblasts in excessive dermal scarring.Conclusion The rabbit's ears skin,especially,the ventral middle wounds of rabbit's ears can produce excessive dermal scarring similar to human hypertrophic scar after the rabbit's ears skin were wounded.It may be used as an experimental model for the study of cicatrix.