毛蚶传播甲型肝炎的病原学证据——核酸分子杂交和免疫电镜初步结果

本文应用cDNA-RNA分子杂交技术和免疫电镜法,检测上海市1988年初甲型肝炎(甲肝)流行期前的市售毛蚶。将毛蚶鳃和消化腺研碎,经酚-氯仿提取和乙醇沉淀法提取RNA,用~(32)P标记的pHAV(LB) 228甲肝病毒cDNA探针进行杂交。从7份毛蚶样品中检出一份甲肝病毒RNA阳性。另外将毛蚶鳃和消化腺的粗制悬液与甲肝病人恢复期血清孵育后电镜观察,看到形态大小一致的成堆病毒样颗粒,直径约为27mm,与甲肝病人粪便样品中所见病毒样颗粒相似。在7份毛蚶样品中还见到几种不同形态颗粒,大的病毒样颗粒直径可达45mm。

A VERIFICATION OF ARCA (ANADARA) SUBCRENATA LISCHKE, A SPECIES OF CLAM, TRANSITTING HEPATITIS A VIRUS

Anadara (a species of clams) has been claimed to be the transmitter of the virus of hepatitis A in a recent epidemic in Shanghai. Clams, sold commercially from epidemic area, was detected by cDNA-RNA hybridization assay arid immune electron microscopy (IEM). RNA from the grinding gills and digestive tissues was extracted by phenol-choroform and precipited by ethanol. 32P labeled HAV cDNA probe, pHAV 228, was used for hybridization. By this method, one out of seven specimens was detected positive for HAV RNA. Under IEM all of these seven specimens had virus-like particles in groups aggregated by the serum from a convalecent patient. The particles in ,the specimens were measure, approximately 27nm in diameter, which were also visible in the stools of patients ill with hepatitis A. There were also big virus-like particles about 45nm in size in the same specimens.