全反式维甲酸对兔颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中细胞凋亡及p53的影响

目的观察全反式维甲酸(ATRA)对兔颈动脉粥样硬化斑块中细胞凋亡及p53的影响。方法新西兰兔40只随机分4组：正常组4只，假手术组、手术组、治疗组各12只。高脂饮食后，手术组和治疗组空气干燥法制作颈动脉粥样硬化模型，治疗组术前1 d予ATRA灌胃。术后2周、4周取病变血管，观察内膜增生情况，TUNEL、p53染色情况。结果术后4周时，手术组、治疗组、假手术组内膜面积分别为（0.389±0.021） mm²、（0.113±0.038） mm²、（0.069±0.016） mm²（P<0.01）。治疗组细胞凋亡率及p53阳性细胞比例分别为（8.40±0.45）%和（3.02±0.38）%,均高于手术组（8.59±0.42）%和（2.23±0.29）%（P<0.01）。结论ATRA可通过诱导粥样硬化斑块中细胞凋亡减轻血管内膜增生；斑块内的细胞凋亡与p53激活有关。

Effects of All-transretinoic Acid on Cell Apoptosis and p53 Expression in Rabbits' Carotid Atherosclerosis

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) on cell apoptosis and p53 expression in rabbits' carotid atherosclerosis. Methods40 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided 4 groups: normal group (NOR), control group (CON), surgery group (SUR) and treat group (TRE). Each group was fed with high cholesterol forage. The SUR and TRE groups were made up carotid atherosclerotic model by air desiccation injury after 2 weeks. The TRE group was fed with ATRA before surgery. On the 2nd and 4th week after operation, the target vessel was taken out. The intima hyperplasia was observed by microscopy through HE staining. Cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining and p53 was observed by immunohistochemistry staining. ResultsOn the 4th week, the area of neointima in SUR, TRE and CON were (0.389±0.021) mm², (0.113±0.038) mm², (0.069±0.016) mm² (P<0.01). The positive cells rate of TUNEL (8.40±0.45)% and p53 (3.02±0.38)% in TRE were higher than those of SUR (8.59±0.42)% and (2.23±0.29)%, respectively (P<0.01). ConclusionATRA may induce cell apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaque and inhibit the proliferation of intima associated with p53 in vessel injury.