大黄微波萃取法与常用提取方法的比较研究

目的：评价微波萃取法(MAE)提取中药有效成分的特点，初步探索MAE的机理。方法：采用分光光度法测定大黄提取液中总蒽醌的含量，比较研究了MAE与常用提取方法(索氏提取法、超声提取法、水煎法)的提取效率；采用显微照相技术对大黄石蜡切片的细胞组织进行观察。结果：MAE的提取率最高，是超声提取法的3．5倍，是索氏提取法的15倍，是水煎法的1．5倍，且提取速度最快；显微观察表明，微波直接造成细胞组织的破坏。结论：MAE用于中药大黄的提取具有高效、省时的特点，为MAE在中药制药领域中的进一步推广应用提供科学依据。

Comparative study among microwave and conventional extractions of anthracene quinone from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei

Objective: To evaluate the characteristic and explore the mechanism of microwave extraction (MAE) in extracting Chinese medicines by comparing with conventional extractions on Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. Methods : The sum of anthraquinone was determined by spectrophotometry and aphrostase in paraffin section was observed by microphotography. Results : Among the four methods, the efficiency of MAE was significantly the highest, which was 3.5 times of supersonic extraction and 1.5 times of Sohlex extraction and 1.5 times of decocting by water, respectively. The time of MAE was the shortest. MAE could destroy the cell organization to pick up the speed of dissolving. Conclusion : MAE is efficient, saving energy and time in extracting Chinese medicines.