绝经前女性冠心病患者危险因素及临床特点研究

目的探讨绝经期前女性冠心病患者的危险因素、临床及冠状动脉造影病变特点。方法选取132例疑诊冠心病且行冠状动脉造影的绝经前女性患者，根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组60例，对照组72例，对绝经前女性冠心病的危险因素、临床症状及冠状动脉造影结果进行回顾性分析。结果冠心病组合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症情况与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；冠心病组主动吸烟、被动吸烟史者与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。冠心痛组心绞痛症状典型者、发作时特异性心电图变化、心电图检查异常率均显著高于对照组。结论高血压、2型糖尿病、高脂血症和吸烟（被动吸烟）是绝经前女性患冠心病重要的危险因素，其中以高血压为著。同时被动吸烟也是绝经前女性冠心病的重要危险因素之一。

Risk Factors and Clinical Characters of Coronary Heart Disease in Premenopause Females

Objective To discussion the risk factors,clinical characters and coronary artefiographic changes in coronary heart disease in premenopause females. Methods 132 premenopause females with suspicious coronary heart disease and examined with coronary arteriography（ CAG）were enrolled. In light of the results of CAG, they were divided into coronary heart disease group （60 cases）and control group （72 cases）. Retrospective analysis was conducted on risk factors, clinical characters and coronary arteriographic changes in coronary heart disease in premenopause females. Results The complications in coronary heart disease group, such as hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were different significantly compared with those in control group（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The cases of positive and passive smoking in coronary heart disease group were different significantly compared with those in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The typical cases of angina pectoria, specific ECG changes during attack and the rate of abnormality of ECG were all increased significantly in comparison with those in control group. Conclusion Hypertension, diabetes II, hyperlipidemia and smoking （passive smoking）are the major risk factors of coronary heart disease in premenopause females, in which, hypertension is important significantly. Besides, passive smoking is one of the important risk factors of coronary heart disease in premenopause females.