行为生活方式的入户指导对社区高血压病控制的效果及评价

目的探索提高高血压病患者治疗率和控制率的有效方法,为社区卫生人员有针对性地开展预防保健工作及健康教育提供参考。方法采用入户指导结合问卷调查等方法收集资料,利用EPIINFO软件录入数据并建立数据库,采用SPSS13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果干预前、发放健康教育资料和入户指导后,除规律运动在三者间无显著性差异外,其余各指标均有显著性差异;入户指导与发放健康教育资料后的效果比较,也只有规律运动无显著性差异（P=0.080）,其余全部具有显著性差异,入户指导后高血压病治疗率达到了81.8%（P=0.001）,控制率达到了56.8%（P=0.008）、健康危险因素知识合格率达到了81.8%（P=0.000）、高血压危害知晓率达到了95.4%（P=0.000）、对高血压病的诊断标准知晓率达到了100%（P=0.000）、清淡饮食形成率达到81.8%（P=0.001）;收缩压均值（P=0.011）、舒张压均值（P=0.012）和体重均值（P=0.009）均与发放健康教育资料后有显著性差异。结论入户对高血压患者进行有针对性的行为生活方式指导,可有效提高高血压病的治疗率和控制率,其效果优于发放健康教育资料,可广泛推广应用。

In-room guidance of behavior life style effect on community hypertension control and evaluation

Objective Seeking effective method of improving treatment rate and control rate of hypertension for community assistant nurse reference while carrying out corresponding prevention and health care work and health education.Methods Collecting related information in the form of in-room guidance and questionnaire,building database with EPIINFO software input data and making statistical analysis by using SPSS13.0 software package.Results Before intervention and after handing out health education brochure and in-room guidance,there was no significant difference between the three of them except for regular exercise behaviors,while there was significant difference for other indexes;effect comparison after distributing health education brochures and in-room guidance show that there was no significant difference for regular exercise behaviors（P=0.080）,there was significant difference for other indexes,treatment rate of hypertension after guiding at home came to 81.8%（P=0.001）,control rate of 56.8%（P=0.008）,knowing of knowledge for health dangerous factors of 81.8%（P=0.000）,knowing of dangers of hypertension of 95.4%（P=0.000）,knowing of diagnosis criteria of hypertension achieved 100%（P=0.000）,rate of catering for light diet of 81.8%（P=0.001）;there was significant difference in average value of systolic pressure（SBP）（P=0.011） and of diastolic pressure（DBP）（P=0.012）and of body weight（P=0.009） after handing out health education brochures.Conclusions Entering room and making some corresponding guidance of behavior life style shall increase effectively treatment rate and control rate of hypertension,its effect was better than distributing health education brochures and may widely be popularized and applied.