厦门市节能灯企业2004～2008年汞危害动态分析

目的了解厦门市节能灯制造企业2004～2008年汞作业环境及其对作业工人健康的影响,分析评价汞职业危害状况,提出技术改造建议。方法开展现场职业卫生学调查,收集2004～2008年厦门有代表性的两家节能灯企业工作场所中汞浓度监测数据及作业工人职业健康检查结果进行统计分析。结果汞是节能灯生产企业的主要职业危害因素之一,车间空气中汞浓度的监测结果,不合格率及作业工人尿汞阳性率有逐年下降趋势。结论以汞齐合金代替金属汞可从源头上降低汞的危害,说明采取改善工艺,加强防护等综合措施,汞的危害可得到有效控制。

Dynamic Analysis of Mercury Hazards in Energy-saving Lamps Enterprises of Xiamen during 2004 to 2008

Objective The changes of mercury concentration at workplaces and workers＇ health status in energy-saving lamps manufacturers during 2004 to 2008 was investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of technical improvement. Methods The airborne mercury concentration at workplaces was measured and health examinations of workers exposed to mercury was done. The yearly changes of these indicators were compared. Results The mercury concentrations at workplaees from 2004 to 2008 decreased, and the compliance rate of urinary mercury level decreased too. There was significant difference from 2004 to 2008, showing a decreasing trend. Conclusion The technieal process, in which mercury amalgam is used instead of mercury, can improve the working environment and reduce the concentration of mercury at workplaces and consequentially reduce the workers＂ urinary mercury significantly. These demonstrated that the technical improvement is effective to reduce the occupational hazards of mercury.