某摩托车制造企业职业病危害调查

目的开展职业卫生调查,了解某摩托车制造企业职业病危害现状。方法对66个作业点进行粉尘、有毒化学品、噪声等浓度或强度检测,对460名作业工人进行职业健康检查,并对个人防护用品的使用及卫生通风设施作现场调查。结果作业点总合格率74.24%(49/66),粉尘作业工人7.14%有胸部X线改变或肺功能异常,苯类化合物接触者8.70%血白细胞总数下降,噪声接触工人10.26%听力下降,接尘工人防尘口罩佩戴率28.40%,卫生通风措施效果欠佳。结论该企业的职业病危害因素已对作业工人造成了一定程度的健康影响或损害,建议改进卫生通风设施的设计和管理,加强对个人防护用品使用的监管,定期开展检测及体检以早期发现问题。

Investigation on Occupational Hazards in A Motorcycle Manufacturing Enterprise

Objective The occupational health investigation was carried out in a motorcycle manufacturing enterprise to understand the actuality of occupational hazards and the effectiveness of control measures. Methods Concentration of industrial chemicals or dust and the intensity of noise at 66 operation sites were measured. The actuality of personal protective equipments use and the efficiency of ventilation devices were examined. 460 workers in this enterprise received the occupational health examination. Results The concentration or intensity of occupational hazards at 49 sites were not compliant with the OELs. 7.14% workers exposed to dust showed the abnormality of X-ray examination or pulmonary function examination. 8.70% workers exposed to benzene or analogs showed the decrement of white cell counts. 10.26% workers exposed to noise showed hearing loss. Only 28.40% workers exposed to dust use dustproof mask and the poor efficiency of ventilation devices were found. Conclusion The occupational hazards existing in this enterprise have caused health problem among occupational exposed workers. The enterprise should improve the design and management to ensure the effective operation of ventilation devices, watch intensively the workers to ensure them correct use of PPEs and carry out periodically occupational health examination to detect earlier the potential suffering cases.