ATP敏感性钾通道分子结构和功能的组织特异性研究进展

ＡＴＰ敏感性钾通道（ＫＡＴＰ）通过与细胞代谢和生物电活动相偶联,在许多组织发挥着重要的生理和病理生理学功能。ＫＡＴＰ由内向整流钾通道（Ｋｉｒ）和ＡＴＰ结合蛋白两部分组成,前者形成离子通道,后者决定着ＫＡＴＰ的功能。Ｋｉｒ和ＡＴＰ结合蛋白又分多种亚型,两者不同亚型间的相互偶联导致了不同组织ＫＡＴＰ分子结构的多样性,分子结构的不同又决定了不同组织ＫＡＴＰ特性和功能的复杂性。本文对不同组织ＫＡＴＰ的分子结构、生理学功能、病理生理学和药理学特性进行了综述。

Tissue specificity in structure and function of ATP-sensitive potassium channel

ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) play important roles in various tissues tinder physiological and pathophysiological condi- conditions by coupling cell metabolic status to electrical activity. The KATP channel is a tetrameric complex of inwardly rectified potassium (Kir) and ATP binding protein (ABP). The Kir subunits form the channel pore, whereas ABP is required for activation and regulation. Both Kir and ABP are divided into different subunits and the various Kir and ABP subunits "mix and match" to form KATP channels with different pharmacological and nucleotide sensitivities. This review focuses on the molecular structure, physiological roles, pathophysiological and pharmacological proper ties of KATP channels in different tissues.