脂肪乳对急性有机磷中毒大鼠肝损伤治疗作用的实验研究

目的探讨脂肪乳对急性有机磷中毒所致肝损伤大鼠的治疗作用。方法取成年封闭SD大鼠48只,随机分为A、B、C、D四组,各12只,予敌敌畏11mg/kg腹腔注射染毒,注射过程中无药物损失即为染毒成功。A组为盐水对照组,染毒后予生理盐水(5m L/kg)静脉注射;B组为脂肪乳对照组,染毒后予20%脂肪乳(5m L/kg)静脉注射;C组为常规治疗组,染毒后立即予阿托品(10mg/kg)和氯解磷定(40mg/kg)肌肉注射;D组为脂肪乳治疗组,在C组的基础上联合应用20%脂肪乳(5m L/kg)静脉注射。分别于染毒前、染毒后30min、2h、4h取眶下血1m L行ALT、AST检测;染毒后24h取肝脏组织行电镜检查。结果各组敌敌畏染毒后较染毒前ALT、AST明显升高(P0.05);染毒后30min,CALT:(54.25±9.56)U/L;AST:(52.52±7.25)U/L]、DALT:(47.88±9.67)U/L;AST:(44.68±7.68)U/L]两组ALT、AST明显低于A组ALT:(76.45±11.29)U/L;AST:(68.21±8.89)U/L,P0.05];B组较A组,C、D两组较B组ALT、AST降低,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);染毒后2h及4h,CALT:(75.31±7.98)U/L,(122.35±9.58)U/L;AST:(74.26±8.29)U/L,(168.69±8.54)U/L]、DALT:(52.23±9.11)U/L,(75.78±9.67)U/L;AST:(53.36±9.36)U/L,(98.44±8.69)U/L]两组较AALT:(142.08±17.22)U/L,(202.79±18.15)U/L;AST:(109.25±11.23)U/L,(247.12±9.78)U/L]、BALT:(111.77±12.58)U/L,(168.44±13.14)U/L;AST:(98.59±12.58)U/L,(202.37±11.29)U/L]两组,D组较C组,B组较A组ALT,AST差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。肝损伤电镜观察脂肪乳辅助治疗组较其他三组肝损伤改变明显减轻。结论急性有机磷中毒可对肝脏造成严重损害,脂肪乳联合解磷定和阿托品治疗,减轻有机磷中毒所致的肝损伤。

Empirical study on liver injury induced by acute organophosphorus poisoning and therapeutical effect of lipid emulsion to acute liver injury in rats