羞耻与创伤后应激障碍的相关研究及理论

既往研究支持羞耻与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状的严重程度间存在显著相关,且羞耻能预测PTSD症状的严重程度。近十年来学者们对羞耻在PTSD的发病与症状维持中所扮演的角色提出了多种理论解释,本文选取其中较有代表性和影响力的四种理论进行介绍和总结。包括:基于羞耻和内疚的创伤理论,认知理论的观点,创伤性羞耻的时程差别理论和自传体记忆的观点。建议未来的研究可以从自传体记忆和临床疗效学研究两个方向进行展开。

Research and Theory About Shame and PTSD

Previous researches have supported that there is a significant correlation between shame and severity of PTSD symptoms,and shame can also predict the severity of PTSD symptoms.To explain the relation between these two variables,researchers have endeavored to put forth a variety of theories in the last 10 years.Among these theories there are four most representative and significant,that is,shame-based and guilt-based trauma theory,on-going current threat and self-critical thinking perspective,time-course difference theory of traumatic shame and biographical memory perspective.This article also suggested that the direction for the future research should focus more on biographical memory perspective and clinical outcome perspective.