眼科抗感染类基本药物在2家眼科专科医院应用的调查分析

目的:为调整我国眼科抗感染类基本药物提供参考。方法:收集某市级眼科专科医院和某县级眼科专科医院2009年眼科抗感染类基本药物应用数据(包括药品名称、规格、剂型、单价、用量和销售金额),采用表格进行信息数据的统计处理。并通过中国知网查询1989-2011年国内期刊公开发表的眼科用药分析及常见的眼科抗感染药物不良反应的文献,对其进行分析。结果:本次调查中,我国《国家基本药物目录.基层医疗卫生机构配备使用部分》(2009年)中的氯霉素滴眼液和《世界卫生组织基本药物示范目录》(17版)中的四环素眼药膏和庆大霉素溶液均未使用;红霉素、左氧氟沙星和阿昔洛韦则都得到了广泛应用;妥布霉素及其复方制剂,则在金额和数量排序中居首位。文献资料显示,红霉素眼膏、左氧氟沙星、阿昔洛韦和妥布霉素不良反应的报道较少,氯霉素和庆大霉素在眼科用药中的不良反应报道较多,由于眼科疾病谱的变化,四环素近年来使用较少。结论:2009年版基本药物目录收录的红霉素眼膏、左氧氟沙星滴眼液和阿昔洛韦滴眼液符合我国基本药物目录的遴选原则;另外,本着"临床首选"的原则建议收录妥布霉素滴眼液。

Analysis of the Utilization of Anti-infectious Ophthalmic Essential Drugs in 2 Ophthalmic Hospitals

OBJECTIVE ： To provide reasonable evidence for the adjustment of anti-infectious ophthalmic essential drug in Chi- na. METHODS： The data about the application of anti-infectious ophthalmic essential drugs in a municipal level ophthalmic hospi- tals and a county level ophthalmic hospital in 2009 was analyzed by statistical charts, such as name, specification, dosage form, unit price, dosage and consumption sum. Some literatures about the application of ophthalmic drugs and the adverse drug reaction of anti-infectious ophthalmic drugs published on domestic periodicals during 1989--2011 were searched from CNKI and analyzed statistically. RESULTS： The study indicated that chloromycetin eye drops recruited in National Essential Drug List （2009 edition）, tetracycline eye ointment and gentamicin solution recruited in WHO （17 edition） hadn＇t been used in clinic. Erythromycin eye oint- ment, levofloxacin eye drops and acyclovir eye drops had been widely applied. Tobramycin and tobramycin compound preparation ranked the first place in the list of cost and amount. Literatures indicated that there were less ADR reports on erythromycin eye oint- ment, levofloxacin eye drops, acyclovir eye drops and tobramycin and many ADR reports on chloromycetin and gentamicin. Be- cause of the changes of ophthalmic disease spectrum, tetracycline had been used hardly. CONCLUSION： Erythromycin eye oint- ment, levofloxacin eye drops and acyclovir eye drops recruited in National Essential Drug List （2009 edition） are in line with the selecting principals. We recommend adding tobramycin in National Essential Drug List according to first choice principle.