浙江省1999年麻疹暴发疫情特征分析

浙江省 1999年麻疹监测系统报告 10起麻疹暴发疫情 ,发病 475例 ,无死亡。农村和学校为主要发生地 ;最高罹患率171 6 0‰ ,同时存在城区流动人口聚集地的麻疹暴发 ,但是发病强度偏低 ;发病时间主要分布在 1～ 6月和 10月 ;暴发病例中有明确麻疹疫苗 (MV)接种史的占 13 1% ,无MV接种史的占 2 8 2 % ,MV接种史不详的占 5 8 7% ;<14岁儿童病例数占总病例数的91 1%。对于学校和城区型暴发 ,应急免疫措施效果相对较好。建议在切实提高常规免疫接种率的同时 ,对持续有麻疹暴发和计划免疫工作薄弱地区采取MV的强化免疫

Analysis of the Characteristics of Measles Outbreaks in 1999 in Zhejiang Province

This was an analysis of measles outbreak data which came from measles surveillance system in Zhejiang Province in 1999. There were 10 measles outbreaks in 1999 involiving 475 cases, with no death. Rural areas and schools were the main sites where the outbreaks occurred. The highest attack rate was 171.60 per thousand. The outbreak also occurred in floating populations in the city but the attack rate was lower. The period from January to June and October were chiefly the time when outbreak took place. The cases with measles vaccination hishtory acounted for 13.1% ,and that without measles vaccination history accounted for 28.2%, the left 58.7% had an unknown vaccination history. 91.2% of the total cases in outbreaks were children under 15 years old. The emergent vaccination activities were more effective for outbreaks in schools and city. The suggestion was to increase the routine measles vaccination rate and to carry out supplementary immunization activities in sustained measles outbreak areas and EPI weak areas.